Silicon Carbide FGD Nozzle rau desulfurization hauv fais fab nroj tsuag
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Absorber Nozzles
Kev tshem tawm cov sulfur oxides, feem ntau hu ua SOx, los ntawm cov pa pa uas siv cov alkali reagent, xws li cov limestone ntub dej slurry.
Thaum cov fossil fuels tau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem combustion los khiav boilers, furnaces, lossis lwm yam khoom siv lawv muaj peev xwm tso tawm SO2 lossis SO3 ua ib feem ntawm cov pa pa. Cov sulfur oxides no yooj yim nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus tsim teeb meem xws li sulfuric acid thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig. Vim muaj cov teebmeem no, kev tswj xyuas qhov sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov pa hluav taws xob yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
Vim yog kev yaig, ntsaws ruaj ruaj, thiab muaj kev txhawj xeeb, ib qho ntawm cov kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws los tswj cov emissions yog ib qho kev qhib-ntsev ntub dej desulfurization (FGD) txheej txheem siv limestone, hydrated txiv qaub, dej hiav txwv, los yog lwm yam alkaline tov. Cov tshuaj tsuag nozzles muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo thiab ntseeg tau faib cov slurries mus rau hauv cov kav dej nqus. Los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv zoo ib yam ntawm cov tee me me, cov nozzles muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov chaw zoo tsim nyog rau kev nqus dej kom zoo thaum txo qis kev nkag ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam rau hauv cov pa roj.
Xaiv lub FGD Absorber Nozzle:
Yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog:
Tshem tawm cov xov xwm ceev thiab viscosity
Yuav tsum tau droplet loj
Qhov loj me me droplet yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov nqus tau zoo
Cov khoom siv nozzle
Raws li cov roj flue feem ntau corrosive thiab cov kua dej txhuam feem ntau yog cov slurry nrog cov ntsiab lus siab thiab cov khoom abrasive, xaiv qhov tsim nyog corrosion thiab hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nozzle clog kuj
Raws li cov kua dej txhuam feem ntau yog cov slurry nrog cov ntsiab lus siab, kev xaiv ntawm lub nozzle hais txog qhov txhaws tsis kam yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nozzle spray qauv thiab tso
Txhawm rau kom ua tiav qhov kev nqus tau zoo ntawm cov roj ntws uas tsis muaj bypass thiab lub sijhawm nyob txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nozzle txuas qhov loj thiab hom
Yuav tsum tau txhuam cov kua dej ntws
Muaj kev poob siab (∆P) hla lub nozzle
∆P = muab siab ntawm nozzle inlet - txheej txheem siab sab nraum nozzle
Peb cov kws tshaj lij engineers tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb lub nozzle yuav ua raws li qhov xav tau nrog koj cov ntsiab lus tsim
Common FGD Absorber Nozzle Siv thiab Kev Lag Luam:
Thee thiab lwm yam fossil roj fais fab nroj tsuag
Petroleum refineries
Municipal khib nyiab incinerators
Cement kilns
Hlau smelters
SiC Material Datasheet
Drawbacks nrog txiv qaub / Limestone
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1, FGD systems siv cov txiv qaub / limestone yuam oxidation (LSFO) suav nrog peb lub hauv paus loj:
- Reagent npaj, tuav thiab khaws cia
- Absorber nkoj
- Kev tuav pov tseg thiab cov khoom lag luam
Kev npaj reagent muaj kev xa cov pob zeb limestone (CaCO3) los ntawm lub chaw cia khoom mus rau lub tank uas muaj kev ntxhov siab. Lub resulting limestone slurry yog ces pumped mus rau lub absorber hlab nrog rau lub boiler flue roj thiab oxidizing cua. Cov tshuaj tsuag nozzles xa cov tee dej zoo ntawm cov reagent uas tom qab ntawd ntws tawm mus rau cov pa roj nkag. SO2 nyob rau hauv cov roj flue reacts nrog cov calcium uas nplua nuj reagent los tsim calcium sulfite (CaSO3) thiab CO2. Cov huab cua nkag rau hauv lub absorber txhawb oxidation ntawm CaSO3 rau CaSO4 (dihydrate daim ntawv).
Lub hauv paus LSFO cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog:
CaCO3 + SO2 → CaSO3 + CO2 · 2H2O
Cov oxidized slurry sau nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub absorber thiab tom qab siv dua nrog rau tshiab reagent rov qab mus rau cov tshuaj tsuag nozzle headers. Ib feem ntawm cov kwj dej rov qab tau muab tshem tawm mus rau cov khoom pov tseg / cov khoom siv tuav pov hwm, uas feem ntau muaj hydrocyclones, nruas lossis siv lim, thiab cov dej khib nyiab / cawv tuav lub tank. Cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm lub tank tuav tau rov qab mus rau limestone reagent feed tank los yog hydrocyclone qhov twg cov dej ntws tawm tau raug tshem tawm raws li cov dej ntws tawm.
| Hom txiv qaub / Limestone Forced Oxidatin ntub Scrubbing txheej txheem Schematic |
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Kev ntub dej LSFO feem ntau tuaj yeem ua tiav SO2 tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 95-97 feem pua. Kev ncav cuag qib siab dua 97.5 feem pua kom ua tau raws li kev tswj hwm kev tso pa tawm, txawm li cas los xij, yog qhov nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov nroj tsuag uas siv cov coal sulfur. Magnesium catalysts tuaj yeem ntxiv lossis cov limestone tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub ntau dua (CaO), tab sis cov kev hloov kho no suav nrog cov khoom siv cog ntxiv thiab cov nqi zog thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, calcining rau txiv qaub yuav tsum tau lub installation ntawm ib tug cais txiv qaub kiln. Tsis tas li ntawd, txiv qaub tau yooj yim precipitated thiab qhov no ua rau muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev txheej hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Tus nqi ntawm calcination nrog lub txiv qaub kiln tuaj yeem txo los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj limestone ncaj qha rau hauv lub qhov cub boiler. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, txiv qaub generated nyob rau hauv lub boiler yog nqa nrog lub flue gas mus rau hauv lub scrubber. Cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li boiler fouling, cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov hluav taws xob, thiab cov kua qaub inactivation vim overburning hauv boiler. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv qaub txo qhov kub thiab txias ntawm molten tshauv hauv cov thee hluav taws xob boilers, uas ua rau cov khoom deposits uas yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Cov kua khib nyiab los ntawm cov txheej txheem LSFO feem ntau yog qhia rau cov pas dej ruaj khov nrog rau cov kua khib nyiab los ntawm lwm qhov hauv lub tshuab fais fab. Cov dej ntub dej FGD tuaj yeem saturated nrog sulfite thiab sulfate compounds thiab ib puag ncig kev txiav txim siab feem ntau txwv nws tso tawm rau cov dej ntws, ntws los yog lwm qhov dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev rov ua cov dej khib nyiab / dej cawv rov qab mus rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium lossis chloride ntsev. Cov hom no tuaj yeem ua rau crystallize tshwj tsis yog tias muaj cov ntshav txaus los ua kom cov ntsev yaj hauv qab kom txaus. Ib qho teeb meem ntxiv yog qhov qeeb qeeb ntawm cov khib nyiab khib nyiab, uas ua rau xav tau cov pas dej loj, cov ntim ntim siab. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej raug, txheej txheej nyob rau hauv lub pas dej stabilization tuaj yeem muaj 50 feem pua lossis ntau dua cov kua theem txawm tias tom qab ob peb lub hlis cia.
Calcium sulfate rov qab los ntawm absorber recycle slurry tuaj yeem siab hauv cov limestone thiab calcium sulfite tshauv. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov calcium sulfate los ntawm kev muag khoom raws li hluavtaws gypsum siv rau hauv phab ntsa, plaster, thiab cement ntau lawm. Unreacted limestone yog qhov tseem ceeb impurity pom nyob rau hauv hluavtaws gypsum thiab nws kuj yog ib qho impurity nyob rau hauv ntuj (mined) gypsum. Thaum limestone nws tus kheej tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv phab ntsa, nws cov khoom abrasive tam sim no coj teeb meem rau cov khoom siv. Calcium sulfite yog ib qho tsis xav tau impurity nyob rau hauv ib qho gypsum vim nws qhov loj me me ua rau muaj teeb meem scaling thiab lwm yam teeb meem ua xws li ncuav mog qab zib ntxuav thiab dewatering.
Yog hais tias cov khib nyiab tsim nyob rau hauv LSFO txheej txheem tsis yog kev lag luam ua lag luam raws li hluavtaws gypsum, qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem loj pov tseg. Rau 1000 MW boiler firing 1 feem pua sulfur thee, tus nqi ntawm gypsum yog kwv yees li 550 tons (luv luv) / hnub. Rau tib tsob nroj tua hluav taws 2 feem pua sulfur thee, gypsum ntau lawm nce mus txog kwv yees li 1100 tons / hnub. Ntxiv qee qhov 1000 tons / hnub rau ya tshauv tshauv, qhov no coj tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg tonnage txog li 1550 tons / hnub rau 1 feem pua sulphate coal case thiab 2100 tons / hnub rau 2 feem pua sulfur rooj plaub.
EADS Qhov Zoo
Ib qho pov thawj thev naus laus zis hloov pauv rau LSFO txhuam hloov cov limestone nrog ammonia ua cov reagent rau SO2 tshem tawm. Cov khoom reagent milling, cia, tuav thiab thauj cov khoom hauv LSFO system yog hloov los ntawm cov chaw cia khoom yooj yim rau aqueous lossis anhydrous ammonia. Daim duab 2 qhia txog kev khiav dej num rau EADS system muab los ntawm JET Inc.
Ammonia, flue gas, oxidizing huab cua thiab cov txheej txheem dej nkag mus rau hauv lub absorber uas muaj ntau theem ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag nozzles. Cov nozzles tsim cov tee me me ntawm ammonia-muaj reagent los xyuas kom meej kev sib cuag ntawm cov reagent nrog cov pa nkev tuaj raws li cov kev xav hauv qab no:
(1) SO2 + 2NH3 + H2O → (NH4) 2SO3
(2) (NH4) 2SO3 + ½O2 → (NH4) 2SO4
Lub SO2 nyob rau hauv lub flue gas kwj reacts nrog ammonia nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib nrab ntawm lub nkoj los tsim ammonium sulfite. Hauv qab ntawm lub nkoj nqus dej ua haujlwm ua lub tank oxidation uas huab cua oxidizes ammonium sulfite rau ammonium sulfate. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ammonium sulfate tov yog pumped rov qab mus rau cov tshuaj tsuag nozzle headers ntawm ntau qib hauv absorber. Ua ntej cov roj av nplaum tawm mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub absorber, nws dhau los ntawm ib tug demister uas coalesces tej entrained kua droplets thiab captures zoo particulates.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ammonia nrog SO2 thiab sulfite oxidation rau sulfate ua tiav qhov kev siv cov reagent siab. Plaub phaus ntawm ammonium sulfate yog tsim rau txhua phaus ntawm ammonia noj.
Raws li cov txheej txheem LSFO, ib feem ntawm cov reagent / cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tuaj yeem raug rho tawm los tsim cov khoom lag luam. Nyob rau hauv EADS system, cov khoom siv tshem tawm cov khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom siv rov qab uas muaj cov hydrocyclone thiab centrifuge kom mloog zoo rau cov khoom ammonium sulfate ua ntej ziab thiab ntim. Tag nrho cov kua dej (hydrocyclone overflow thiab centrifuge centrate) raug xa rov qab mus rau lub tank slurry thiab tom qab ntawd rov qhia rau hauv lub absorber ammonium sulfate recycle kwj.
- EADS cov tshuab muab SO2 tshem tawm ntau dua (> 99%), uas muab cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau dua los ua kom cov khoom pheej yig dua, cov roj ntsha sulfur ntau dua.
- Thaum LSFO systems tsim 0.7 tons ntawm CO2 rau txhua tuj ntawm SO2 tshem tawm, EADS txheej txheem tsim tsis muaj CO2.
- Vim cov txiv qaub thiab limestone tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim piv rau ammonia rau SO2 tshem tawm, kev siv dej ntau dua thiab siv zog yuav tsum tau ua kom tau txais cov kab mob siab. Qhov no ua rau cov nqi ua haujlwm siab dua rau LSFO systems.
- Cov nqi peev rau EADS systems zoo ib yam li cov kev tsim kho LSFO. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, thaum lub EADS system yuav tsum tau ammonium sulfate byproduct processing thiab ntim khoom, cov reagent npaj chaw txuam nrog LSFO tsis tas yuav tsum tau rau milling, tuav thiab thauj.
Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm EADS yog kev tshem tawm cov kua thiab cov khoom pov tseg. EADS thev naus laus zis yog cov txheej txheem xoom-kua-kua tawm, uas txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev kho dej khib nyiab. Cov khoom ammonium sulfate los ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau yooj yim; ammonia sulfate yog cov feem ntau siv chiv thiab chiv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, nrog thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau mus txog rau 2030. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ammonium sulfate yuav tsum muaj ib tug centrifuge, tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, conveyer thiab ntim khoom, cov khoom no yog non-proprietary thiab ua lag luam. muaj. Nyob ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam, ammonium sulfate fertilizer tuaj yeem txo cov nqi rau ammonia-based flue gas desulfurization thiab muaj peev xwm muab tau txiaj ntsig ntau.
| Kev Ua Tau Zoo Ammonia Desulfurization Txheej Txheem Schematic |
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Shandong Zhongpeng Tshwj Xeeb Ceramics Co., Ltd yog ib qhov loj tshaj plaws silicon carbide ceramic cov ntaub ntawv tshiab daws teeb meem hauv Suav teb. SiC technical ceramic: Moh lub hardness yog 9 (New Moh's hardness yog 13), nrog zoo heev tiv taus yaig thiab corrosion, zoo heev abrasion - kuj thiab anti-oxidation. SiC khoom lub neej kev pab cuam yog 4 mus rau 5 zaug ntev dua 92% alumina khoom. MOR ntawm RBSiC yog 5 mus rau 7 npaug ntawm SNBSC, nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov duab ntau dua. Cov txheej txheem hais lus yog ceev, kev xa khoom yog raws li tau cog lus tseg thiab qhov zoo yog qhov thib ob. Peb ib txwm pheej sim sim peb lub hom phiaj thiab muab peb lub siab rov qab los rau zej zog.
