Silicon Carbide FGD Nozzle no ka desulfurization i loko o ka mana

Nā Nozzles Absorber Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD).
Ka wehe 'ana i ka sulfur oxides, i kapa 'ia 'o SOx, mai ke kinoea ho'opau me ka ho'ohana 'ana i ka reagent alkali, e like me ka limestone slurry pulu.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nā wahie mōʻalihaku i nā kaʻina puhi ahi e holo i nā paila, umu ahi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana ʻē aʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻu iā SO2 a i ʻole SO3 ma ke ʻano o ke kinoea hoʻopau. Hoʻopili maʻalahi kēia mau sulfur oxides me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hana i ka pūhui ʻino e like me ka sulfuric acid a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke olakino kanaka a me ke kaiapuni. Ma muli o kēia mau hopena kūpono, ʻo ka hoʻomalu ʻana i kēia pūhui i loko o nā kinoea flue he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā mea kanu ahi ahi a me nā noi ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

Ma muli o nā pilikia o ka erosion, plugging, a me ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻo kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hilinaʻi e hoʻomalu ai i kēia mau hoʻokuʻu ʻana he kaʻina hana desulfurization (FGD) ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka limestone, lime hydrated, ke kai, a i ʻole ka hopena alkaline. Hiki i nā nozzles spray ke hoʻohele maikaʻi a hilinaʻi i kēia mau slurries i loko o nā hale kiaʻi absorption. Ma ka hana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole o ka nui o nā droplets, hiki i kēia mau nozzles ke hana pono i ka ʻili o ka ʻili e pono ai no ka hoʻomohu pono ʻana me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka mea holoi holoi i loko o ke kinoea.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi FGD Absorber Nozzle:
Nā mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai:

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka viscosity
Ka nui droplet pono
Pono ka nui droplet kūpono no ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā helu absorption kūpono
Mea nozzle
No ka mea he ʻino pinepine ke kinoea a me ka wai holoi ʻana he slurry me nā mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai abrasive, ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka corrosion kūpono a me ka lole pale ʻana he mea nui.
ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o ka nozzle
No ka mea he slurry pinepine ka wai holoi me nā mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe, he mea nui ke koho ʻana i ka nozzle e pili ana i ka pale ʻana.
Nozzle spray pattern a me ka hoʻokomo
I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka absorption kūpono ka uhi piha ʻana o ke kahawai kinoea me ke ala ʻole a he mea nui ka manawa noho.
Nozzle ka nui a me ke ʻano
Pono ka holo ʻana o ka wai holoi holoi
Hiki ke hāʻule kaomi (∆P) ma o ka nozzle
∆P = ke kaomi hoʻolako ʻana ma ka puka nozzle – kaʻina hana ma waho o ka nozzle
Hiki i kā mākou ʻenehana loea ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nozzle e hana e like me ka makemake me kāu mau kikoʻī hoʻolālā
Hoʻohana maʻamau FGD Absorber Nozzle a me nā ʻoihana:
ʻO ka lanahu a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wahie fossil ʻē aʻe
Nā hale hoʻoheheʻe ʻaila
ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻōpala
Nā kiln sima
Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe metala

Pepa ʻIkepili Mea SiC

Nā hemahema me ka Lime/Limestone

E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 1, ʻo nā ʻōnaehana FGD e hoʻohana ana i ka lime/limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) he ʻekolu sub-system nui:

• Hoʻomākaukau, mālama a mālama ʻana i nā reagent
• Waʻa hoʻopau
• ʻO ka ʻōpala a me ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka reagent ka lawe ʻana i ka limestone i ʻoki ʻia (CaCO3) mai kahi silo mālama i kahi pahu hānai hoʻonāukiuki. ʻO ka hopena o ka limestone slurry a laila kaomi ʻia i ka moku absorber me ke kinoea hoʻoheheʻe paila a me ka ea oxidizing. Hāʻawi nā nozzles pāpaʻi i nā kulu liʻiliʻi o ka reagent a laila e kahe kūʻē i ke kinoea ʻea e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopili ka SO2 i loko o ke kinoea puhi me ka reagent waiwai nui e hana i ka calcium sulfite (CaSO3) a me CO2. ʻO ka ea i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka absorber e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o CaSO3 i CaSO4 (dihydrate form).

ʻO nā hopena LSFO kumu:

CaCO3 + SO2 → CaSO3 + CO2 · 2H2O

ʻOhi ka slurry oxidized i lalo o ka absorber a hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia me ka reagent hou i nā poʻo nozzle spray. Hoʻihoʻi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ke kahawai hoʻihoʻi hou i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōpala/byproduct, ka mea maʻamau i loko o nā hydrocyclones, pahu a kāʻei kānana, a me kahi pahu wai ʻona/waiʻona. Hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka wai ʻōpala mai ka pahu paʻa i ka pahu hānai limestone reagent a i ʻole i kahi hydrocyclone kahi e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai ke kahe e like me ka effluent.

Maʻamau Lime/Limestone Forced Oxidatin Wet Scrubbing Process Schematic

Hiki i nā ʻōnaehana Wet LSFO ke hoʻokō i ka pono hoʻoneʻe SO2 o 95-97 pakeneka. ʻO ka hiki ʻana i nā pae ma luna o 97.5 pākēneka e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻokuʻu ʻana, akā naʻe, paʻakikī, ʻoi loa no nā mea kanu e hoʻohana ana i nā lanahu kiʻekiʻe-sulfur. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Magnesium a i ʻole ka limestone i ka lime reactivity kiʻekiʻe (CaO), akā ʻo ia mau hoʻololi e pili ana i nā mea kanu hou a me nā koina hana a me ka mana. No ka laʻana, pono ka calcining i ka lime e hoʻokomo i kahi kiln lime kaʻawale. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lime a hoʻonui kēia i ka hiki ke hoʻokumu i ka waiho ʻana i ka unahi i ka scrubber.

Hiki ke hoemiia ke kumukuai o ka calcination me ka lime kiln ma ka hookomo pono ana i ka limestone i loko o ka umu paila. Ma kēia ʻano, lawe ʻia ka lime i hana ʻia i loko o ka paila me ke kinoea flue i loko o ka scrubber. ʻO nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka paila, ke keakea ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela, a me ka hana ʻole ʻana o ka lime ma muli o ke puhi ʻana o ka paila. Eia kekahi, hoʻemi ka lime i ke kahe kahe o ka lehu i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā boiler i puhi ʻia i ka lanahu, ka hopena i nā waihona paʻa i ʻole e hiki mai.

ʻO ka ʻōpala wai mai ke kaʻina hana LSFO ke kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia i nā loko hoʻopaʻa me ka ʻōpala wai mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka hale mana. Hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia ka wai wai wai FGD me nā pūhui sulfite a me ka sulfate a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kaiapuni e kaupalena ʻia kona hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā muliwai, nā kahawai a i ʻole nā ​​kahawai wai ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka wai ʻōpala/waiʻona i ka scrubber hiki ke alakaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka sodium dissolved, potassium, calcium, magnesium a i ʻole nā ​​paʻakai chloride. Hiki i kēia mau ʻano ke hoʻokalakupua inā ʻaʻole lawa ke koko e mālama i ka paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma lalo o ka saturation. ʻO kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka lohi o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ʻōpala paʻa, kahi e pono ai i nā loko hoʻopaʻa nui a me ka nui. Ma nā kūlana maʻamau, hiki ke loaʻa i ka papa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi loko iʻa hoʻopaʻa ʻia he 50 pakeneka a ʻoi aku paha ka wai ma hope o kekahi mau mahina o ka mālama ʻana.

Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka calcium sulfate i hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai ka slurry recycle absorber i ka limestone a me ka lehu calcium sulfite. Hiki i kēia mau mea haumia ke pale aku i ka calcium sulfate mai ke kūʻai ʻia ʻana ma ke ʻano he gypsum synthetic no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka papa pā, plaster, a me ka hana sima. ʻO ka limestone i hana ʻole ʻia ka haumia nui i loaʻa i ka gypsum synthetic a he haumia maʻamau nō hoʻi ia i ka gypsum kūlohelohe (mined). ʻOiai ʻaʻole keʻakeʻa ka limestone ponoʻī i nā waiwai o nā huahana hope o ka wallboard, ʻo kāna mau mea abrasive ke hōʻike nei i nā pilikia ʻaʻahu no nā lako hana. ʻO ka calcium sulfite kahi haumia i makemake ʻole ʻia i kēlā me kēia gypsum no ka mea, ʻo ka nui o kāna ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e hoʻopiʻi i nā pilikia scaling a me nā pilikia hoʻoponopono ʻē aʻe e like me ka holoi keke a me ka wai.

Inā ʻaʻole kūʻai kūʻai ʻia nā mea paʻa i hana ʻia ma ke kaʻina hana LSFO e like me ka gypsum synthetic, he pilikia nui ka hoʻolei ʻōpala. No ka paila 1000 MW e puhi ana i 1 pakeneka sulfur lanahu, ʻo ka nui o ka gypsum ma kahi o 550 tons (pōkole) / lā. No ka mea kanu hoʻokahi e puhi ana i ka 2% sulfur lanahu, piʻi ka hana gypsum ma kahi o 1100 tons / lā. Hoʻohui ʻia he 1000 tons/lā no ka hana ʻana i ka lehu lele, lawe kēia i ka nui o ka ʻōpala paʻa i kahi 1550 tons/lā no ka pahu lanahu sulfur 1 pakeneka a me 2100 tons/lā no ka pahu sulfur 2 pakeneka.

Nā Pono EADS

ʻO kahi ʻenehana i hōʻoia ʻia i ka LSFO scrubbing e hoʻololi i ka limestone me ka amonia ma ke ʻano he reagent no ka wehe ʻana i ka SO2. Hoʻololi ʻia ka wili reagent paʻa, ka mālama ʻana, ka lawelawe ʻana a me nā mea lawe i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana LSFO e nā pahu mālama maʻalahi no ka ammonia wai a i ʻole anhydrous. Hōʻike ka Figure 2 i kahi schematic kahe no ka ʻōnaehana EADS i hāʻawi ʻia e JET Inc.

ʻO ka Ammonia, ka ʻeaea hoʻoheheʻe, ka ea oxidizing a me ka wai kaʻina hana e komo i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe i loaʻa nā pae he nui o nā nozzles spray. Hoʻopuka nā nozzles i nā kulu liʻiliʻi o ka reagent i loko o ka ammonia e hōʻoia i ka pili pili ʻana o ka reagent me ke kinoea hoʻolele e komo mai ana e like me kēia mau hopena:

(1) SO2 + 2NH3 + H2O → (NH4)2SO3

(2) (NH4)2SO3 + ½O2 → (NH4)2SO4

Hoʻopili ka SO2 i loko o ke kahawai kinoea me ka ammonia ma ka hapa luna o ka moku e hana i ka ammonium sulfite. ʻO ka lalo o ka moku absorber e like me ka pahu oxidation kahi e hoʻoneʻe ai ka ea i ka ammonium sulfite i ka ammonium sulfate. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hopena ammonium sulfate i nā poʻomanaʻo nozzle spray ma nā pae he nui i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe. Ma mua o ka puka ʻana o ke kinoea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka piko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe, hele ia ma kahi demister e hoʻohui i nā kulu wai i komo a hopu i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi.

ʻO ka hopena ammonia me SO2 a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka sulfite i ka sulfate e loaʻa i kahi helu hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe. Hana ʻia ʻehā paona ammonium sulfate no kēlā me kēia paona amonia i ʻai ʻia.

E like me ke kaʻina hana LSFO, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ke kahawai reagent/huahana hou e hana i kahi huahana pāʻoihana. Ma ka ʻōnaehana EADS, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hopena o ka huahana i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻihoʻi paʻa i loko o kahi hydrocyclone a me ka centrifuge e hoʻopaʻa i ka huahana ammonium sulfate ma mua o ka maloʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana. Hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā wai a pau (hydrocyclone overflow a centrifuge centrate) i kahi pahu slurry a laila hoʻokomo hou ʻia i loko o ke kahawai hoʻoheheʻe ammonium sulfate.

• Hāʻawi nā ʻōnaehana EADS i nā pono hoʻoneʻe SO2 kiʻekiʻe (> 99%), kahi e hāʻawi ai i nā mea mana ahi ahi i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi e hoʻohui i nā lanahu sulfur kiʻekiʻe.
• ʻOiai e hana ana nā ʻōnaehana LSFO i 0.7 tons CO2 no kēlā me kēia tona o SO2 i wehe ʻia, ʻaʻohe CO2 i ka hana EADS.
• Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka lime a me ka limestone i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ammonia no ka wehe ʻana i ka SO2, koi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ikehu no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ka holo ʻana. Loaʻa kēia i nā koina hana kiʻekiʻe no nā ʻōnaehana LSFO.
• ʻO nā kumukūʻai kumulāʻau no nā ʻōnaehana EADS e like me nā mea no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana LSFO. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōnaehana EADS e koi ana i ka ammonium sulfate byproduct processing a me nā lako palaki, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā keʻena hoʻomākaukau reagent e pili ana me LSFO no ka wili, ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana.

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi ʻokoʻa loa o EADS ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala wai a me nā ʻōpala paʻa. ʻO ka ʻenehana EADS he kaʻina hana ʻole-wai-discharge, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ka mālama wai ʻino. Hiki ke kūʻai aku i ka huahana ammonium sulfate paʻa; ʻO ka ammonia sulfate ka mea hoʻohana nui loa a me ka mea hoʻomomona i ka honua, me ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke honua i manaʻo ʻia ma o 2030. Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka ammonium sulfate e koi ai i kahi centrifuge, dryer, conveyer a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha, ʻaʻole pono kēia mau mea a loaʻa i ke kālepa. Ma muli o nā kūlana waiwai a me ka mākeke, hiki i ka mea hoʻomomona sulfate ke hoʻopau i nā kumukūʻai no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻeaea hoʻoheheʻe ammonia a hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi waiwai nui.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana desulfurization maikaʻi ʻo Ammonia

ʻO Shandong Zhongpeng Special Ceramics Co., Ltd ʻo ia kekahi o ka silicon carbide ceramic mea hoʻonā hou i Kina. ʻO ka ʻenehana loea SiC: ʻO 9 ka paʻakikī o Moh (ʻo 13 ka paʻakikī o New Moh), me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka erosion a me ka corrosion, abrasion maikaʻi loa - kūpaʻa a me ka anti-oxidation. ʻO ke ola lawelawe o ka huahana SiC he 4 a 5 mau manawa lōʻihi ma mua o 92% alumina mea. ʻO ka MOR o RBSiC he 5 a 7 mau manawa o ka SNBSC, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻano paʻakikī. He wikiwiki ke kaʻina hana, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lua. Hoʻomau mau mākou i ka hoʻokūkū i kā mākou mau pahuhopu a hāʻawi i ko mākou naʻau i ke kaiāulu.