Emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, izinto ze-ceramic zibhala inganekwane entsha. Ngokungafani nemikhumbi ye-ceramic empilweni yansuku zonke, i-ceramics yezimboni ibonise ukusebenza kwayo okuvelele emikhakheni ebalulekile efana ne-metallurgy, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, namandla amasha. I-Aluminium oxide, i-silicon nitride, i-zirconium oxide nezinye izinto zinezici zazo, kodwa uma kuziwa emandleni aqinile aphelele "omdlali ojikelezayo",i-silicon carbide ceramicsngokungangabazeki ezingcono kakhulu.
Izitsha zobumba ze-alumina zifana nezingcweti zendabuko, ezaziwa ngobulukhuni bazo obuphezulu kanye nokufinyeleleka kwazo, kodwa zivame ukunqotshwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu. I-silicon nitride ceramics, njengamathuluzi anembayo, inokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kakhulu, kodwa ingase ibonise "izimbambo ezithambile" ezindaweni ezithile ezigqwalile. I-Zirconia ceramics ifana namasosha akhethekile, aziwa ngokuqina kwawo okukhulu, kodwa angase "athathe umhlalaphansi" ekuqaleni kwezimpi ezishisa kakhulu nezinde.
Ngokuphambene, i-silicon carbide ceramics ibonise amandla aphelele amangalisayo. Le nto yekristalu, eyakhiwe yaqina ngama-athomu e-silicon carbon, ngokwemvelo inezinzuzo ezintathu ezibalulekile: ukuguquguquka kwayo okushisayo okuqinile kukugcina "izolile" endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana kwayo okuhle nokugqokwa kuyenza ibe "nesibindi ngokwengeziwe" ezimweni ezinzima zokusebenza, futhi ukuqina kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuyingqayizivele kufana nesihlangu semvelo esivikelayo, simelana nokuhlasela kwemithombo yezindaba ehlukahlukene.
Emkhakheni wokuphatha okushisayo, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kwe-silicon carbide ceramics kuphindwe kathathu kunensimbi evamile. Leli “thalente lokukhipha ukushisa” elizalwa nalo likwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwamakhilni okushisa okuphezulu nama-semiconductor substrates. Ibhekene nenselelo yokuguga, ubulukhuni bayo bungokwesibili ngemva kwedayimane, okubonisa impilo yesevisi ende kakhulu ezimeni ezifana nemishini yezimayini namapayipi okuthutha. Okungavamile nakakhulu ukuthi le nto ingagcina umbala wayo wemvelo ngisho nasezindaweni ezonakalisayo njengama-asidi aqinile, ivumelane ngokuphelele nezidingo ezikhethekile zemishini yamakhemikhali.
Ngokuthuthuka okunamandla kwemboni entsha yamandla, izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide zivula izindawo ezintsha zokufaka isicelo. Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amandla we-photovoltaic, iba yinto enhle kakhulu yokusekela ukumelana nesimo sezulu; Emgqeni wokukhiqiza ibhethri ye-lithium, iguqulwe yaba amapuleti ane-sintered anembe kakhulu. Leli khono “lokweqa umngcele” lisukela ekuhlanganiseni kwalo okuhlukile kokusebenza - lingakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliqhubekayo elingu-1350 ℃ futhi lisebenze ngokuzinza endaweni ebanda kakhulu engu -60 ℃.
Njengochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe ababambe iqhaza ngokujulile emkhakheni we-silicon carbide ceramics, siqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinqubo ze-sintering, kuyilapho sigcina izinzuzo zethu zendabuko, sithuthukisa njalo amandla emishini kanye nokunemba kobukhulu bezinto zokwakha. Ngokusebenzisa izilinganiso ezinembile zezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha be-sintering, imikhiqizo yethu ithuthukise kakhulu ukwethembeka ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ihlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esiqinile sempahla yemishini yesimanje yezimboni.
Ukukhetha izinto ze-ceramic yezimboni empeleni ukufuna ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza nezindleko. I-silicon carbide ceramics, enezinzuzo zayo ezivelele zokonga imali, ichaza kabusha izindinganiso zokukhiqiza ezimbonini - ukunciphisa imvamisa yokushintshanisa nokuhlala isikhathi eside, ukunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa ngokusebenza okuzinzile, nokwenza lula ukukhethwa kwemishini ngohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lokhu kungase kube isizathu esiyisisekelo sokuthi kungani onjiniyela abaningi befaka kuhlu njengento ekhethwayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngenqubekelaphambili yezimboni, ukuqamba izinto ezintsha kuvame ukuba yiphuzu lempumelelo elibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo kwe-silicon carbide ceramics akumeli nje kuphela impumelelo kubuchwepheshe be-ceramic, kodwa futhi kwazisa okunye ukweqa ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Kule nkathi yokuphishekela ukusebenza okuphezulu, le nto yobumba "ecabangayo" ivula indawo entsha yokucabanga yokukhiqiza yesimanje.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2025