Emkhakheni omkhulu wesayensi yezinto zokwakha, i-silicon carbide ceramics isiphenduke "isithandwa" semikhakha eminingi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu njengokuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisayo, nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali. Ukusuka kwi-aerospace kuya ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor, ukusuka ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla kuye emishinini yezimboni, izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Enqubweni yokulungiselela i-silicon carbide ceramics, indlela ye-sintering iyisici esiyinhloko esinquma izakhiwo zayo kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza. Namuhla, sizocubungula inqubo ye-sintering ye-silicon carbide futhi sigxile ekuhloleni izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele zokusabela sintered.i-silicon carbide ceramics.
Izindlela ezijwayelekile ze-sintering ze-silicon carbide
Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthungatha i-silicon carbide, ngayinye enezimiso nezici zayo ezihlukile.
1. I-Hot pressing sintering: Le ndlela yokugcoba ihlanganisa ukubeka i-silicon carbide powder ibe isikhunta, ukusebenzisa ingcindezi ethile ngenkathi ishisa, ukuqedela izinqubo zokubumba kanye ne-sintering kanyekanye. I-hot sintering ecindezelayo ingathola izitsha zobumba eziminyene ze-silicon carbide emazingeni okushisa aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nangesikhathi esifushane, ngosayizi wokusanhlamvu ocolekile kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini. Kodwa-ke, imishini ye-sintering yokucindezela okushisayo iyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko zesikhunta ziphezulu, izidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza ziqinile, futhi izingxenye ezimise okwezimo ezilula zingalungiswa kuphela, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi, okuthi ngezinga elithile kukhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngezinga elikhulu.
2. I-Atmospheric pressure sintering: I-atmospheric pressure sintering inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-silicon carbide ngokuyishisisa ibe ngu-2000-2150 ℃ ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya kanye nezimo ze-inert emoyeni, ngokungeza izinsiza ezifanele zokucwenga. Ihlukaniswe yaba izinqubo ezimbili: i-solid-state sintering kanye ne-liquid-phase sintering. I-solid phase sintering ingafinyelela ukuminyana okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide, ngaphandle kwesigaba sengilazi phakathi kwamakristalu, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini yokushisa okuphezulu; I-sintering yesigaba soketshezi inezinzuzo zezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-sintering, usayizi omncane wokusanhlamvu, namandla okugoba okubalulekile athuthukisiwe kanye nokuqina kokuphuka. I-Atmospheric pressure sintering ayinayo imingcele ekubunjweni nasekusayizi womkhiqizo, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa izinga lokushisa le-sintering liphezulu futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.
3. I-Rection sintering: I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide yahlongozwa okokuqala ngu-P. Popper ngeminyaka yawo-1950. Inqubo ihlanganisa ukuxuba umthombo wekhabhoni kanye ne-silicon carbide powder, nokulungisa umzimba oluhlaza ngezindlela ezinjengokubumba umjovo, ukucindezela okomile, noma ukucindezela okubandayo kwe-isostatic. Bese, i-billet ishisiswe ibe ngaphezu kuka-1500 ℃ ngaphansi kwe-vacuum noma i-inert atmosphere, ngaleso sikhathi i-silicon eqinile inyibilika ibe i-silicon ewuketshezi, engena ku-billet equkethe izimbotshana ngesenzo se-capillary. I-silicon ewuketshezi noma umhwamuko we-silicon uthola ukusabela kwamakhemikhali no-C emzimbeni oluhlaza, futhi i-in-situ ekhiqizwe u-β - SiC ihlangana nezinhlayiya ze-SiC zangempela emzimbeni oluhlaza ukuze zenze izinto zobumba ze-sintered silicon carbide ceramic.
Izinzuzo Reaction Sintering Silicon Carbide Ceramics
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokucwilisa, izitsha zobumba ze-sintered silicon carbide zinezinzuzo eziningi ezibalulekile:
1. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-sintering kanye nezindleko ezilawulekayo: Izinga lokushisa le-sintering yokusabela ngokuvamile liphansi kunezinga lokushisa lomoya we-sintering, linciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezimfuneko zokusebenza okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa kwezisetshenziswa ze-sintering. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-sintering lisho izindleko eziphansi zokunakekela okokusebenza kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ukwehlisa ngempumelelo izindleko zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kwenza i-reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramics ibe nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho ekukhiqizeni okukhulu.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwesayizi yenetha eseduze, elungele izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokusabela, i-material ayinciphisi ivolumu. Lesi sici siyenza ifaneleke ngokukhethekile ukulungiselela izingxenye zesakhiwo ezinosayizi omkhulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izakhi zemishini ezinembayo noma izingxenye zemishini emikhulu yezimboni, izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide zokusabela zingahlangabezana ngokunembile nezidingo zedizayini, zinciphise izinyathelo zokucubungula ezilandelayo, zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi ziphinde zehlise ukulahleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko okubangelwa ukucubungula.
3. Izinga eliphakeme lokuminyana kwezinto: Ngokulawula izimo zokusabela ngokunengqondo, ukusabela kwe-reaction sintering kungafinyelela izinga eliphezulu lokuminyana kwe-silicon carbide ceramics. Isakhiwo esiminyene sinikeza impahla ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza, ezifana namandla okugoba aphezulu namandla acindezelayo, okuyenza ikwazi ukugcina ubuqotho besakhiwo ngaphansi kwamandla abalulekile angaphandle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo esiminyene siphinde sithuthukise ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto, okusivumela ukuthi sisebenze ngokuzinza ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinokhahlo futhi sandise impilo yayo yesevisi.
4. Ukuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali: I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramics inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nama-asidi aqinile nezinsimbi ezincibilikisiwe. Ezimbonini ezifana namakhemikhali kanye ne-metallurgical, imishini ivamise ukudinga ukuthintana nemithombo yezindaba eyonakalisayo. I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramics ingamelana ngempumelelo nokuguguleka kwale midiya, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini, inciphise izindleko zokulungisa nokushintshanisa, futhi ithuthukise ukuqhubeka nokuqina kokukhiqiza.
Kusebenza kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene
Ngalezi zinzuzo, i-react sintered silicon carbide ceramics isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Emkhakheni wemishini yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa, ingakwazi ukumelana nezindawo zokushisa okuphezulu futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kweziko; Ezishintshisani zokushisa, ukuguquguquka kwazo okuhle kakhulu kwe-thermal nokumelana nokugqwala kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuhle kwezinto ezibonakalayo; Emishinini yokuvikela imvelo efana nemibhobho ye-desulfurization, ingamelana nokuguguleka kwemidiya egqwalayo futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-react sintered silicon carbide ceramics nayo idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni ephezulu efana ne-photovoltaics kanye ne-aerospace.
I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramics ithatha isikhundla esibalulekile emndenini we-silicon carbide ceramic ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo eziyingqayizivele. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwenza kahle okuqhubekayo kwezinqubo, kukholakala ukuthi izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide ezisabelayo zizobonisa ukusebenza kwazo okuhle kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi, zinikeze ukusekelwa okuqinile kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-13-2025