I-Hydrocyclones

Incazelo

I-Hydrocyclonesanomumo we-cono-cylindrical, ane-tangential feed inlet engxenyeni yesilinda kanye ne-outlet ku-eksisi ngayinye. I-outlet engxenyeni ye-cylindrical ibizwa ngokuthi i-vortex finder futhi idlulela esiphepho ukuze kuncishiswe ukugeleza kwesiyingi esifushane ngokuqondile kusukela ekungeneni. Ekupheleni kwe-conical kunendawo yesibili yokuphuma, i-spigot. Ukuze kuhlukaniswe usayizi, zombili izindawo zokuphuma ngokuvamile zivulekele umkhathi. Ama-Hydrocyclones ngokuvamile asebenza ngokuqondile nge-spigot ekugcineni okuphansi, yingakho umkhiqizo omahhadla ubizwa ngokuthi i-underflow kanye nomkhiqizo omuhle, okushiya isitholi se-vortex, ukuchichima. Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa ngokohlelo ukugeleza okuyinhloko nezici zedizayini zokujwayelekilei-hydrocyclone: ama-vortice amabili, i-tangential feed inlet kanye ne-axial outlets. Ngaphandle kwendawo eseduze yokufaka i-tangential, ukunyakaza koketshezi ngaphakathi kwesishingishane kunokulingana kwe-radial. Uma indawo eyodwa noma zombili zivulekele umkhathi, indawo enengcindezi ephansi idala umongo wegesi eduze kwe-eksisi eqondile, ngaphakathi kwe-vortex engaphakathi.

Isimiso sokusebenza silula: uketshezi, oluthwele izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, lungena esiphepho, lujikela phansi futhi lukhiqize insimu ye-centrifugal ekugelezeni kwe-vortex yamahhala. Izinhlayiya ezinkulu zihamba oketshezini ziye ngaphandle kwesishingishane ngokunyakaza okuzungezayo, bese ziphuma ku-spigot ngengxenye yoketshezi. Ngenxa yendawo elinganiselwe ye-spigot, i-vortex yangaphakathi, ezungeza ohlangothini olufanayo ne-vortex yangaphandle kodwa igeleza phezulu, iyasungulwa futhi ishiya isishingishane ngokusebenzisa isitholi se-vortex, sithwele uketshezi oluningi kanye nezinhlayiya ezicolekile. Uma umthamo we-spigot weqiwe, i-air core iyavalwa bese ukukhishwa kwe-spigot kushintsha kusuka kusifutho esimise okwesambulela kuya 'entanjeni' kanye nokulahlekelwa okumaholoholo kuya ekuchichimeni.

Ububanzi besigaba se-cylindrical yi-variable enkulu ethinta ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezingahlukaniswa, nakuba ama-diameter e-outlet angashintshwa ngokuzimela ukuze kuguqulwe ukuhlukaniswa okuzuziwe. Ngenkathi izisebenzi zakuqala zazama iziphepho ezincane njengobubanzi obungu-5 mm, ububanzi be-hydrocyclone yezohwebo njengamanje busukela ku-10 mm kuya ku-2.5 m, ezinosayizi abahlukanisayo bezinhlayiya zokuminyana 2700 kg m−3 ka-1.5–300 μm, ehla ngokunyuka kwezinhlayiyana. Ukwehla kwengcindezi yokusebenza kusuka kumabha ayi-10 kumadayamitha amancane kuye kumabha angu-0.5 kumayunithi amakhulu. Ukwandisa umthamo, amaningi amancaneama-hydrocycloneingase iphindaphindwe kusukela kumugqa wokuphakelayo owodwa.

Nakuba isimiso sokusebenza silula, izici eziningi zokusebenza kwazo zisaqondwa kahle, futhi ukukhethwa nokubikezela kwe-hydrocyclone yokusebenza kwezimboni kunamandla kakhulu.

Ukwahlukanisa

Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FRSC, FCIM, P.Eng., ku-Wills' Mineral Processing Technology (Ushicilelo Lwesishiyagalombili), 2016

9.4.3 I-Hydrocyclones Versus Screens

Ama-Hydrocyclone afikile ukubusa ukuhlukaniswa lapho esebenza nosayizi bezinhlayiyana ezinhle kumasekhethi okugaya avaliwe (<200 µm). Kodwa-ke, intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe besikrini (Isahluko 8) ivuselele intshisekelo yokusebenzisa izikrini kumasekhethi okugaya. Izikrini zihlukene ngesisekelo sosayizi futhi azithonywa ngokuqondile ukuminyana okusabalala kumaminerali okuphakelayo. Lokhu kungaba inzuzo. Izikrini nazo azinayo ingxenye ye-bypass, futhi njengoba Isibonelo 9.2 sibonisile, ukudlula kungaba kukhulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-30% kuleso simo). Umfanekiso 9.8 ubonisa isibonelo somehluko kwijika lokuhlukanisa le-cyclonesand nezikrini. Idatha isuka ku-concentrator ye-El Brocal e-Peru nokuhlola ngaphambi nangemuva kokuthi ama-hydrocyclone athathelwe indawo i-Derrick Stack Sizer® (bona Isahluko 8) kusekethe yokugaya(Dündar et al., 2014). Ngokuhambisana nokulindela, uma kuqhathaniswa nesishingishane isikrini sibe nokuhlukana okucijile (i-slope yejika iphakeme) kanye nokudlula kancane. Ukwenyuka komthamo wesekethe yokugaya kubikwe ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okuphuka ngemva kokuqaliswa kwesikrini. Lokhu kwabalelwa ekuqedweni kwendawo yokudlula, ukwehlisa inani lezinto ezinhle ezibuyiselwa ezigayweni ezivame ukuvimbela imithelela yezinhlayiyana.

Ukushintsha akuyona indlela eyodwa, nokho: isibonelo sakamuva ukushintsha usuka esikrinini uye kwisivunguvungu, ukuze uthathe ithuba lokwehliswa kosayizi owengeziwe wama-payminerals aminyene (Sasseville, 2015).

Inqubo ye-Metallurgical kanye nomklamo

U-Eoin H. Macdonald, ku-Handbook of Gold Exploration and Evaluation, 2007

I-Hydrocyclones

Ama-Hydrocyclone amayunithi akhethwayo okulinganisa noma okwehlisa umthamo omkhulu we-slurry ngemali ephansi futhi ngenxa yokuthi athatha indawo encane kakhulu yaphansi noma i-headroom. Asebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu uma ephakelwa ngesilinganiso sokugeleza okulinganayo kanye nokuminyana kwe-pulp futhi asetshenziswa ngawodwana noma ngamaqoqo ukuze athole amandla aphelele afiselekayo ekuhlukaniseni okudingekayo. Amandla okulinganisa ancike kumandla amaphakathi akhiqizwa ama-tangential flow velocities aphezulu ngeyunithi. I-vortex eyinhloko eyakhiwe udaka olungenayo isebenza ngokuzungeza phansi eduze kodonga lwekhoni yangaphakathi. Izinto eziqinile zijikijelwa ngaphandle ngamandla aphakathi nendawo ukuze kuthi lapho i-pulp ishona phansi ukuminyana kwayo kuyanda. Izingxenye ezimile zejubane zisebenza phansi eduze kwezindonga zekhoni naphezulu eduze kwe-eksisi. Ingxenye encane ye-slime ehlukaniswe kancane eminyene iphoqeleka ukuthi iye phezulu ngesitholi se-vortex ukuze idlule ngembobo ekugcineni engenhla yekhoni. Indawo emaphakathi noma imvilophu ephakathi kokugeleza okubili inoziro wesivinini esime mpo futhi ihlukanisa okuqinile okuqinile okuya phansi kusukela kokuqinile okucolekile kuya phezulu. Inqwaba yokugeleza idlulela phezulu ngaphakathi kwe-vortex encane yangaphakathi futhi amandla aphezulu aphakathi nendawo aphonsa ngaphandle okukhulu kwezinhlayiya ezincanyana ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze ukuhlukana okuphumelela kakhudlwana ezilinganisweni ezingcono kakhulu. Lezi zinhlayiya zibuyela ku-vortex yangaphandle futhi zibike futhi ku-jig feed.

I-geometry nezimo zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwephethini yokugeleza okuvunguzayo kokujwayelekilei-hydrocyclonezichazwe ku-Fig. 8.13. Okuguquguqukayo kokusebenza ukuminyana kwe-pulp, izinga lokugeleza kokuphakelayo, izici eziqinile, ingcindezi ye-feed inlet kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi phakathi nesishingishane. Okuguquguqukayo kwesishingishane kuyindawo yokungena kokuphakelayo, ububanzi nobude bokuthola i-vortex, kanye nobubanzi bokukhipha i-spigot. Inani le-coefficient yokuhudula nalo lithintwa umumo; lapho izinhlayiya zihluka kakhulu ku-sphericity encane iyisici sayo somumo futhi kukhulu ukumelana kwayo kokuzinza. Indawo yokucindezeleka ebucayi ingase inwebe kwezinye izinhlayiya zegolide ezinkulu ezingango-200 mm ngosayizi futhi ukuqapha ngokucophelela inqubo yokuhlukanisa kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukugaywa kabusha okudlulele kanye nomphumela wokwakheka kwama-slime. Ngokomlando, lapho kunganakwa kancane ekubuyiselweni kwe-150μm izinhlamvu zegolide, ukwedluliswa kwegolide kumafrakshini e-slime kubonakala sengathi kube nembangela enkulu yokulahlekelwa kwegolide okuqoshwe ukuthi kuphezulu okungama-40–60% emisebenzini eminingi yokubeka igolide.

Umfanekiso 8.14 (Ishadi Lokukhetha Kwama-Warman) ukukhethwa kokuqala kweziphepho ezizohlukaniswa ngosayizi abahlukahlukene be-D50 ukusuka kuma-microns angu-9–18 kufika kuma-microns angu-33–76. Leli shadi, njengamanye amashadi anjalo okusebenza kwesishingishane, lisekelwe ekuphakeleni okulawulwa ngokucophelela kohlobo oluthile. Ithatha okuqukethwe okuqinile okungu-2,700 kg/m3 emanzini njengomhlahlandlela wokuqala wokukhetha. Ama-diameter amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukuhlukana okuqinile kodwa adinga amavolumu aphezulu okuphakelayo ukuze asebenze kahle. Ukwehlukaniswa okuhle ngamavolumu aphezulu okuphakelayo kudinga amaqoqo eziphepho ezinobubanzi obuncane obusebenza ngokuhambisana. Imingcele yokugcina yokuklama yokulinganisa usayizi oseduze kufanele inqunywe ngokuhlola, futhi kubalulekile ukukhetha isishingishane esizungeze maphakathi nobubanzi ukuze noma yikuphi ukulungiswa okuncane okungase kudingeke kwenziwe ekuqaleni komsebenzi.

Isishingishane se-CBC (umbhede ojikelezayo) kuthiwa sihlukanisa okuphakelayo kwegolide oku-alluvial kufika kububanzi obungu-5 mm futhi sithole okuphakelayo kwe-jig okuphezulu ngokungaguquki ekugelezeni okuncane. Ukuhlukana kwenzeka cisheD50/150 ama-microns asekelwe phezu kwe-silica of density 2.65. Ukugeleza okungaphansi kwesiphepho se-CBC kuthiwa sivumeleka ngokukhethekile ukuhlukaniswa ngenxa yekhevu yokusabalalisa yosayizi obushelelezi kanye nokususwa okuphelele kwezinhlayiya zemfucuza. Kodwa-ke, nakuba lolu hlelo kuthiwa lukhiqiza ukugxiliswa okuyisisekelo kwezinga eliphezulu lamaminerali asindayo alingana nephasi elilodwa ukusuka ekuphakeleni kosayizi obude (isb. izihlabathi zamaminerali), azikho izibalo zokusebenza ezinjalo ezitholakalayo zokuphakelayo kwe-alluvial okuqukethe igolide elicolekile nelingenalutho. . Ithebula 8.5 inikeza idatha yobuchwepheshe ye-AKWama-hydrocyclonengamaphoyinti anqunyiwe aphakathi kwama-microns angama-30 no-100.

Ithebula 8.5. Idatha yobuchwepheshe ye-AKW hydrocyclones

Uhlobo (KRS)	Ububanzi (mm)	Ukwehla kwengcindezi	Amandla		Iphoyinti lokusika (ama-microns)
Uhlobo (KRS)	Ububanzi (mm)	Ukwehla kwengcindezi	I-slurry (m3/h)	Okuqinile (t/h max).	Iphoyinti lokusika (ama-microns)
2118	100	1–2.5	9.27	5	30–50
2515	125	1–2.5	11–30	6	25–45
4118	200	0.7–2.0	18-60	15	40–60
(RWN)6118	300	0.5–1.5	40–140	40	50–100

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwe-iron ore kanye nokuhlukaniswa ngezigaba

A. Jankovic, ku-Iron Ore, 2015

8.3.3.1 Izihlukanisi ze-Hydrocyclone

I-hydrocyclone, ebizwa nangokuthi i-cyclone, iyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa elisebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukusheshisa izinga lokumisa lezinhlayiya ze-slurry kanye nezinhlayiya ezihlukene ngokuya ngosayizi, umumo, namandla adonsela phansi athile. Isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezimbiwa, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa kube njengokuhlukanisa ngokwezigaba, okubonakale kuphumelela ngokwedlulele kumasayizi wokuhlukanisa. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yokugaya evalekile kodwa ithole ezinye izinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo, njengokwenza i-desliming, i-degritting, kanye nokujiya.

I-hydrocyclone evamile (Umfanekiso 8.12a) iqukethe umkhumbi onomumo oyiconsi, ovuleke phezulu, noma ukugeleza ngaphansi, ohlanganiswe nengxenye yesilinda, enendawo yokuphakelayo ebambekayo. Phezulu kwengxenye ye-cylindrical ivaliwe ngepuleti elidlula ipayipi elichichimayo elifakwe i-axially. Ipayipi inwetshelwa emzimbeni wesiphepho yingxenye emfushane, ekhiphekayo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-vortex finder, evimbela ukujikeleza okufushane kokuphakelayo ngqo ekuchichimeni. Okuphakelayo kwethulwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngokungena kwe-tangential, okunikeza ukunyakaza okuzungezayo ku-pulp. Lokhu kudala i-vortex esivunguvungwini, enendawo enengcindezi ephansi eduze kwe-eksisi eqondile, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 8.12b. I-air-core ikhula eduze kwe-eksisi, evamise ukuxhunywa emkhathini ngokuvuleka kwe-apex, kodwa ingxenye edalwe umoya oncibilikisiwe ophuma kusixazululo endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi. I-centrifugal force isheshisa izinga lokuzinza lezinhlayiya, ngaleyo ndlela ihlukanise izinhlayiya ngokosayizi, ukuma, namandla adonsela phansi athile. Izinhlayiya ezihlala ngokushesha ziya odongeni lwesishingishane, lapho isivinini siphansi kakhulu, bese zithuthela endaweni evulekile (underflow). Ngenxa yesenzo samandla okudonsa, izinhlayiya ezihlala kancane ziya endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi nge-eksisi futhi zithwalwa phezulu ngesitholi se-vortex kuya ekuchichimeni.

Ama-Hydrocyclone acishe asetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke kumasekethe okugaya ngenxa yomthamo wawo omkhulu kanye nokusebenza kahle okulinganiselwe. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlukanisa phezu kohlu olubanzi kakhulu losayizi bezinhlayiyana (imvamisa engu-5–500 μm), amayunithi obubanzi obuncane asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa kahle. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwesivunguvungu kumasekhethi okugaya i-magnetite kungabangela ukusebenza okungasebenzi ngenxa yomehluko wokuminyana phakathi kwe-magnetite ne-waste minerals (silica). I-Magnetite inokuminyana okuthile okungaba ngu-5.15, kuyilapho i-silica inobukhulu obuthile obungaba ngu-2.7. Kuama-hydrocyclone, amaminerali aminyene ahlukene ngosayizi wokusika kancanyana kunamaminerali alula. Ngakho-ke, i-magnetite ekhululiwe igxiliswa ku-cyclone underflow, nomphumela wokuchichima kwe-magnetite. U-Napier-Munn et al. (2005) waphawula ukuthi ubudlelwano phakathi kosayizi wokusika olungisiwe (d50c) kanye nokuminyana kwezinhlayiyana kulandela ukubonakaliswa kwefomu elilandelayo kuye ngezimo zokugeleza nezinye izici:

d50c∝ρs−ρl−n

laphoρs yi-solids density,ρl ukuminyana kwamanzi, futhiniphakathi kuka-0.5 no-1.0. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umphumela wokuminyana kwamaminerali ekusebenzeni kwesishingishane ungaba mkhulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma i-dI-50c ye-magnetite ingu-25 μm, bese i-dI-50c yezinhlayiya ze-silica izoba ngu-40–65 μm. Umfanekiso 8.13 ubonisa amajika e-cyclone classification performance magnetite (Fe3O4) kanye ne-silica (SiO2) etholwe kunhlolovo ye-industrial ball mill magnetite grinding circuit. Ukuhlukaniswa kosayizi we-silica ku-coarser kakhulu, nge-d50c ye-Fe3O4 ka-29 μm, kuyilapho lokho kwe-SiO2 kungu-68 μm. Ngenxa yalesi simo, izigayo zokugaya i-magnetite kumasekethe avaliwe ane-hydrocyclones awasebenzi kahle futhi anomthamo ophansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifunda zokugaya i-metallore.

High Pressure Process Technology: Okuyisisekelo kanye nezicelo

MJ Cocero PhD, ku-Industrial Chemistry Library, ngo-2001

Imishini yokuhlukanisa ama-solids

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IHydrocyclone

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezilula kakhulu zezihlukanisi eziqinile. Kuyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa elisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi lingasetshenziswa ukususa izinto eziqinile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi. Iyonga ngoba ayinazo izingxenye ezihambayo futhi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane.

Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa okuqinile kuwumsebenzi oqinile wosayizi wezinhlayiyana nezinga lokushisa. Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa okusondele ku-80% kufinyeleleka ku-silica namazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-300 ° C, kuyilapho ebangeni lokushisa elifanayo, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya ze-zircon eziminyene kukhulu kune-99% [29].

Ukukhubazeka okuyinhloko kokusebenza kwe-hydrocyclone ukuthambekela kwamanye amasawoti ukunamathela ezindongeni zesiphepho.

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Ukuhlunga okuncane

Izihlungi ze-Cross-flow ziziphatha ngendlela efanayo naleyo evame ukubonwa ekuhlungeni kwe-crossflow ngaphansi kwezimo ezizungezile: ukwanda kwamazinga e-shear kanye nomphumela oncishisiwe we-fluid-viscosity enombolweni yokuhlunga. I-Cross-microfiltration isetshenziswe ekuhlukaniseni usawoti omningi njengama-solids, okunikeza ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiyana ngokuvamile okudlula ama-99.9%. Ama-Goemnset al.[30] ufunde ukuhlukaniswa kwe-nitrate ye-sodium emanzini aphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwemibandela yocwaningo, i-nitrate ye-sodium yayikhona njengosawoti oncibilikisiwe futhi yayikwazi ukuwela isihlungi. Kutholwe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa okuhluka ngokwezinga lokushisa, njengoba ukuncibilika kuncipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, elisukela phakathi kuka-40% no-85%, ku-400 °C no-470°C, ngokulandelana. Laba basebenzi bachaza indlela yokuhlukanisa njengomphumela wokufinyeleleka okuhlukile kwendawo yokuhlunga maqondana nesixazululo esibaluleke kakhulu, ngokuphambene nosawoti oncibilikisiwe, ngokusekelwe kuma-viscosities abo ahluke ngokucacile. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kwenzeke nje kuphela ukuhlunga usawoti oncibilikile njengamanzi kodwa futhi kuhlungwe lawo sawudi ancibilika kancane asesimweni sokuncibilika.

Izinkinga zokusebenza zazibangelwa ikakhulukazi ukugqwala kokuhlunga ngusawoti.

Iphepha: Izinto Ezigaywa Kabusha Nezigaywe Kabusha

MR Doshi, JM Dyer, Kumojuli Yereferensi ku-Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016

3.3 Ukuhlanza

Abahlanza nomaama-hydrocyclonekhipha ukungcola ku-pulp ngokusekelwe kumehluko wokuminyana phakathi kokungcola namanzi. Lawa madivaysi aqukethe umkhumbi we-conical noma i-cylindrical-conical pressure lapho i-pulp ifakwa khona ngokulinganayo ekugcineni kwedayimitha enkulu (Umfanekiso 6). Ngesikhathi sokudlula endaweni yokuhlanza i-pulp ikhiqiza iphethini yokugeleza kwe-vortex, efana naleyo yesiphepho. Ukugeleza kuzungeza i-eksisi emaphakathi njengoba kudlula endaweni yokungena futhi kuya phezulu, noma ukuvuleka okungaphansi, ngaphakathi kodonga oluhlanzekile. Ijubane lokugeleza elijikelezayo liyashesha njengoba ububanzi bekhoni buncipha. Eduze kokuphela kwe-apex ukuvuleka kwedayamitha encane kuvimbela ukudedelwa kokugeleza okuningi kunalokho okuzungezisa ku-vortex engaphakathi enkabeni yesihlanzi. Ukugeleza kumongo ongaphakathi kugeleza ukusuka ekuvulekeni kwe-apex kuze kube kuphuma ngesitholi se-vortex, esitholakala ekugcineni kwedayimitha enkulu phakathi nendawo yesihlanzi. Impahla yokuminyana ephakeme, njengoba igxile odongeni lwesicoci ngenxa yamandla aphakathi nendawo, ikhishwa phezulu kwekhoni (Bliss, 1994, 1997).

Abahlanzayo bahlukaniswa njengokuminyana okuphezulu, okumaphakathi, noma okuphansi kuye ngokuminyana kanye nosayizi wokungcola okususwayo. Isicoci esiminyanisa kakhulu, esinobubanzi obusuka ku-15 kuya ku-50 cm (6-20 in) sisetshenziselwa ukususa insimbi ye-tramp, iziqeshana zamaphepha, nezinto eziyisisekelo futhi ngokuvamile sibekwe ngokushesha silandela i-pulper. Njengoba i-diameter ehlanzekile iyancipha, ukusebenza kahle kwayo ekususeni ukungcola kosayizi omncane kuyakhula. Ngezizathu ezingokoqobo nezomnotho, isishingishane esingu-75-mm (3 in) ubukhulu sivamise ukuba sisihlanzi esincane kunazo zonke esisetshenziswa embonini yamaphepha.

Izihlanzi ezibuyela emuva kanye nezihlanzi zokugeleza ziklanyelwe ukususa ukungcola okuminyana okuphansi okufana ne-wax, i-polystyrene, nezinti. Abahlanzi abahlehlayo baqanjwe kanjalo ngenxa yokuthi ukusakaza okuvumayo kuqoqwa ku-cleaner apex kuyilapho okunqatshiwe kuphuma ekuchichimeni. Kumshini wokuhlanza ukugeleza kwamanzi, wamukela futhi wenqaba ukuphuma ekugcineni okufanayo kwesihlanzi, ngokwamukela eduze nodonga lokuhlanza oluhlukaniswe nezindawo ezilahliwe ngeshubhu elimaphakathi eduze nendawo emaphakathi yesihlanzi, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 7.

Ama-centrifuges aqhubekayo asetshenziswa ngeminyaka yawo-1920 kanye nawo-1930s ukususa isihlabathi ku-pulp aye amiswa ngemva kokuthuthukiswa kwama-hydrocyclone. I-Gyroclean, eyakhiwe e-Center Technique du Papier, Grenoble, France, iqukethe isilinda esizungeza ku-1200–1500 rpm (Bliss, 1997; Julien Saint Amand, 1998, 2002). Inhlanganisela yesikhathi eside sokuhlala uma kuqhathaniswa namandla amakhulu e-centrifugal ivumela ukungcola okuminyana okuphansi isikhathi esanele sokuthuthela enkabeni yesihlanzi lapho kunqatshwa khona ngokukhishwa kwe-vortex emaphakathi.

MT Thew, ku-Encyclopedia of Separation Science, 2000

Amazwibela

Nakuba okuqinile-uketshezii-hydrocycloneisungulwe ingxenye enkulu yekhulu lama-20, ukusebenza okwenelisayo kokuhlukaniswa koketshezi noketshezi akuzange kufike kuze kube ngawo-1980. Imboni kawoyela yaphesheya kwezilwandle yayinesidingo semishini ehlangene, eqinile futhi ethembekile yokukhipha uwoyela ongcolile ohlukaniswe kahle emanzini. Lesi sidingo saneliswa uhlobo oluhluke kakhulu lwe-hydrocyclone, okwakungenazo izingxenye ezihambayo.

Ngemva kokuchaza lesi sidingo ngokugcwele nokusiqhathanisa nokuhlukaniswa kwe-cyclonic eqinile-noketshezi ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa, izinzuzo ezinikezwe i-hydrocyclone phezu kwezinhlobo zemishini efakwe ngaphambili ukuze ihlangabezane nomsebenzi iyanikezwa.

Imibandela yokuhlola ukusebenza ngokuhlukana ibalwe ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngokusebenza ngokomthethosisekelo wokuphakelayo, ukulawulwa komsebenzisi namandla adingekayo, okungukuthi umkhiqizo wokwehla kwengcindezi nokugeleza.

Imvelo yokukhiqizwa kwe-petroleum ibeka izithiyo ezithile zezinto futhi lokhu kubandakanya inkinga yokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile zibaluliwe. Idatha yezindleko ehlobene yezinhlobo zesikhungo sokuhlukanisa uwoyela, kokubili imali eyinhloko neqhubekayo, ichaziwe, nakuba imithombo iyingcosana. Okokugcina, ezinye izinkomba eziya ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo zichazwa, njengoba imboni kawoyela ibheka izinto ezifakwe phezu kolwandle noma ngisho naphansi komthombo.

Ukusampula, Ukulawula, kanye Nokulinganisa Okuningi

Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FRSC, FCIM, P.Eng., ku-Wills' Mineral Processing Technology (Ushicilelo Lwesishiyagalombili), 2016

3.7.1 Ukusetshenziswa Kosayizi Wezinhlayiya

Amayunithi amaningi, njengeama-hydrocyclonekanye nezihlukanisi zamandla adonsela phansi, zikhiqiza izinga lokuhlukaniswa kosayizi futhi idatha yosayizi wezinhlayiyana ingasetshenziswa ukulinganisa ubukhulu (Isibonelo 3.15).

Isibonelo 3.15 isibonelo sokunciphisa ukungalingani kwama-node; inikeza, isibonelo, inani lokuqala lokuncishiswa kwezikwele ezijwayelekile. Le ndlela yokuqhafaza ingasetshenziswa noma nini lapho kukhona idatha yengxenye "yeqile"; kuSibonelo 3.9 ibingase isetshenziswe.

Isibonelo 3.15 sisebenzisa isishingishane njengenodi. I-node yesibili i-sump: lesi isibonelo sezinto ezifakiwe ezingu-2 (okuphakelayo okusha nokukhishwa kwebhola) kanye nokuphumayo okukodwa (okuphakelayo kwesishingishane). Lokhu kunikeza enye ibhalansi enkulu (Isibonelo 3.16).

Esahlukweni 9 sibuyela kulesi sibonelo sesekethe yokugaya sisebenzisa idatha elungisiwe ukuze sinqume ijika le-cyclone partition.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-07-2019