Ukuhlanganiswa kwamalahle ezindaweni zokuphehla kwamandla kukhiqiza imfucuza eqinile, efana nephansi futhi flying ash, kanye negesi ye-flue ekhishwa emkhathini. Izitshalo eziningi ziyadingeka ukuze zisuse ukuphuma kwe-sox kusuka kugesi ye-flue kusetshenziswa amasistimu we-flue deselfurization (FGD). Ubuchwepheshe obuthathu be-FGD obuhamba phambili obusetshenziswa e-US bangamanzi okuklulwa (85% wokufakwa), ukuklanywa okomile (12%), kanye nomjovo osomile we-sorbent (3%). Ama-WET Scrubers ajwayele ukususa okungaphezulu kwama-90% we-SOX, ngokuqhathaniswa nabakwaCry Scrubers, abasusa ama-80%. Lo mbhalo uveza ubuchwepheshe bombukiso wobuciko bokuphatha amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa ngamanziIzinhlelo ze-FGD.
Izisekelo ze-WET FGD
Ubuchwepheshe be-WET FGD bufana nengxenye ye-Slurry Reacry kanye nesigaba sokuzikhethela solodwa. Kusetshenziswe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zabafokazi, kufaka phakathi imibhoshongo egcwele phama kanye ne-tray, ama-runtur scrabers, kanye nezikrini zokufafaza engxenyeni ye-reactor. Abathakathi bengathathi hlangothi i-acidic gasses nge-alkaline slurry ye-lime, i-sodium hydroxide, noma i-limestone. Ngezizathu eziningi zezomnotho, izikrini ezintsha zivame ukusebenzisa i-limestone slurry.
Lapho i-limestone iphendula nge-sox kumibandela yokunciphisa i-absorber, ngakho-ke 2 (ingxenye enkulu ye-sox) iguqulwa ibe yisisulu, kanti kukhiqizwe isigaxa se-calcium sulfite. Izinhlelo zangaphambili ze-FGD (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-oxidation yemvelo noma izinhlelo ezivinjelwe ze-oxidation) zikhiqize umkhiqizo we-calcium sulfite by-proct. Umtshano omushaIzinhlelo ze-FGDsebenzisa i-oxidation reactior lapho i-calcium sulfite slurry iguqulwa ibe yi-calcium sulfate (gypsum); Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-limestone ephoqelelwe i-oxidation (LSFO) ye-FGD ye-FGD.
Amasethingi e-FGD ajwayelekile we-LSFO FGD asebenzisa noma ngabe i-spray tower abrorber enomqondo ohlanganayo we-oxidation esisekelweni (Umdwebo 1) noma uhlelo lwe-jet bubbler. Kulelo nalelo gesi ligxile ku-limestone slurry ngaphansi kwezimo ze-anoxic; I-slurry bese idlulela kwi-aerobic reactionor noma indawo yokuphendula, lapho i-sulfite iguqulwa ibe yi-sulfate, kanye ne-gypsum precipitates. Isikhathi sokuboshwa kwe-Hydraulic ku-oxidation reactor cishe imizuzu engama-20.
1 Ku-LSFO Scrubber Slurry idlula kwi-reactior, lapho kufakwa khona umoya ukuze kuphoqe i-oxidation of sulfite ku-sulfate. Le oxidation ibonakala iguqula i-selenite ibe yi-selenate, okuholela ebunzimeni bezokwelapha kamuva. Umthombo: Ch2m Hill
Lezi zinhlelo ngokujwayelekile zisebenza ngama-solids amisiwe angu-14% kuya ku-18%. Ama-solids amisiwe aqukethe ama-solids amahle futhi anamaqabunga, umlotha wendiza, nezinto ezibonakalayo ze-innert ezethulwe nge-limestone. Lapho ama-solids efinyelela umkhawulo ophezulu, inqwaba. Iningi le-LSFO FGD Systems lisebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa kwama-mechan mechical kanye nezinhlelo zokushintshana ukuze zihlukanise i-gypsum namanye ama-solids avela emanzini ahlanzekile (umfanekiso 2).
2. I-FGD shgergerge gypsum dewanting system. Kuzinhlayiya zohlelo olujwayelekile lwe-gypsum ahumushe e-gensum e-purge zihlukaniswe, noma zihlukaniswe, zibe izingxenyana ezinama-coarse nezinempilo. Izinhlayiya ezinhle zihlukaniswe ekuchitheni kusuka ku-hydroclone ukukhiqiza i-underflow equkethe iningi lamakristalu amakhulu e-gypsum (ngokuthengiswa okungaba khona) okungatholwa okuqukethwe umswakama ophansi ngohlelo lwe-vacuum belt dewatering system. Umthombo: Ch2m Hill
Ezinye izinhlelo ze-FGD zisebenzisa ama-grighters adonsela phansi noma zixazulule amachibi okuhlukaniswa kwama-solids kanye nama-voiting, futhi ezinye ze-centrifugur, kepha ezinye izinhlelo ezishisayo zesigubhu noma amasistimu amasha asebenzisa ama-hydroclones namabhande we-vacuum. Abanye bangasebenzisa ama-hydroclones amabili ochungechungeni ukwandisa ukususwa kwama-solids ohlelweni lokutholwa. Ingxenye ye-hydroclone okuchichimayo ingabuyiselwa ohlelweni lwe-FGD ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile.
Ukuhlanza kungaqalwa futhi lapho kuba nokwakhiwa kwama-chlorides ku-FGD Slurry, kunesidingo semikhawulo ebekwe ukumelana nokugqwala kohlelo lwe-FGD.
Izici zamanzi we-FGD wartewater
Ukuhlukahluka okuningi kuthinta ukwakheka kwamanzi e-FGD, njengokuqamba amalahle kanye ne-limestone yokwakheka, uhlobo lwe-scrubber, kanye nohlelo lokukhipha ama-gypsum-dewanting. Amalahle anikela nge-acidicgesi - njengama-chlorides, ama-fluorides, kanye ne-sulfate - kanye nezinsimbi eziguqukayo, kufaka phakathi i-arsenic, i-tursen, uSelenium, i-cadmium, ne-zinc. I-limestone inikela ngensimbi ne-aluminium (kusuka kumaminerali wobumba) kumanzi amdaka e-FGD. ILimestone ngokuvamile ihlehlisiwe ku-Wet Ball Mill, kanye nokuguguleka kanye nokugqwala kwamabhola kunikela ngensimbi ku-limestone slurry. Imithi ivame ukufaka isandla inhlawulo ye-inert, okungenye yezizathu zokudonswa kwamanzi okuchithwayo kusuka ku-scrubber.
Kusuka ku: Thomas E. Higgins, PhD, PE; A. Thomas Sandy, PE; kanye noSilas W. Shivens, PE.
Email: caroline@rbsic-sisic.com
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-04-2018