Kwinkalo enkulu yesayensi yezinto, i-silicon carbide ceramics iye yaba "yintandane" yeenkalo ezininzi zobugcisa obuphezulu ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezintle ezifana nobunzima obuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, uzinzo oluhle lwe-thermal, kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Ukusuka kwi-aerospace ukuya kwimveliso ye-semiconductor, ukusuka kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha ukuya koomatshini bemizi-mveliso, i-silicon carbide ceramics idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwinkqubo yokulungiselela i-silicon carbide ceramics, indlela ye-sintering iyona nto ibalulekileyo emisela iimpawu zayo kunye noluhlu lwesicelo. Namhlanje, siza kuphonononga kwinkqubo yokuntywila yesilicon carbide kwaye sigxile ekuphononongeni izibonelelo ezizodwa zokusabela sintered.i-silicon carbide ceramics.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-sintering ze-silicon carbide
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucoca i-silicon carbide, nganye inemigaqo kunye neempawu zayo ezizodwa.
1. I-Hot pressing sintering: Le ndlela ye-sintering ibandakanya ukubeka i-silicon carbide powder kwi-mold, ifake uxinzelelo oluthile ngelixa ufudumeza, ukugqiba ukubumba kunye neenkqubo ze-sintering ngaxeshanye. Ukucofa ukucofa okutshisayo kunokufumana iiseramikhi ezishinyeneyo zesilicon carbide kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kwaye ngexesha elifutshane, kunye nobukhulu obuziinkozo obucolekileyo kunye neepropathi ezilungileyo zoomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ze-sintering ezitshisayo zinzima, ixabiso lokungunda liphezulu, iimfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa zingqongqo, kwaye iindawo ezilula ezimile kuphela ezinokuthi zilungiswe, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphantsi kwemveliso, okuthi ngomlinganiselo othile kuthintele ukusetyenziswa kwayo okukhulu.
2. Uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric sintering: Uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric sintering yinkqubo yokuxinanisa i-silicon carbide ngokuyifudumeza ukuya kwi-2000-2150 ℃ phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric kunye neemeko ze-inert emoyeni, ngokongeza izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ze-sintering. Yahlulwe ngokweenkqubo ezimbini: i-slid-state sintering kunye ne-liquid-phase sintering. Isigaba esiqinileyo se-sintering sinokufikelela ekuxineni okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide, ngaphandle kwesigaba seglasi phakathi kweekristale, kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zobushushu obuphezulu; Isigaba solwelo sintering sinezibonelelo zobushushu obusezantsi bokuntywila, ubungakanani benkozo encinci, kunye nokuphucuka kwamandla okugoba kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka. Uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric sintering alunazithintelo kubume bemveliso kunye nobukhulu, iindleko eziphantsi zemveliso, kunye neempawu ezigqibeleleyo zemathiriyeli, kodwa ubushushu be-sintering buphezulu kwaye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.
3. I-reaction sintering: I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide yacetywa okokuqala ngu-P. Popper ngeminyaka yee-1950. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukuxuba umthombo wekhabhoni kunye ne-silicon carbide powder, kunye nokulungiselela umzimba oluhlaza ngeendlela ezinje ngenaliti yokubumba, ukucinezela okomileyo, okanye ucinezelo olubandayo lwe-isostatic. Emva koko, i-billet ifudunyezwa ngaphezulu kwe-1500 ℃ phantsi kwe-vacuum okanye i-inert atmosphere, apho i-silicon eqinile inyibilika kwi-silicon yolwelo, ethi ingene kwibillet equlethe iipores ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-capillary. I-silicon yolwelo okanye i-silicon vapor ithatha i-chemical reaction kunye ne-C kumzimba ohlaza, kunye ne-in-situ eyenziwa yi-β - i-SiC idibanisa kunye ne-original particles ye-SiC kumzimba oluhlaza ukwenza i-reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramic materials.
Izinto eziluncedo kwi-Reaction Sintering Silicon Carbide Ceramics
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokucoca, iiseramics ze-silicon carbide zokusabela zineenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:
1. Ubushushu obuphantsi be-sintering kunye neendleko ezilawulekayo: Ubushushu be-sintering ye-reaction buhlala buphantsi kunobushushu be-sintering ye-atmospheric, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neemfuno zokusebenza eziphezulu zokushisa kwisixhobo se-sintering. Ukushisa okuphantsi kwe-sintering kuthetha iindleko eziphantsi zokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iindleko zokuvelisa. Oku kwenza iiseramics ze-silicon carbide zokusabela zineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho kwimveliso enkulu.
2. Kufuphi ubungakanani bokwenza ubungakanani bomnatha, bulungele izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo: Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-reaction sintering, i-material ayifane idlule kwi-volume shrinkage. Olu phawu lwenza ukuba lufaneleke ngokukodwa ukulungiselela ubungakanani obukhulu, amacandelo olwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo. Nokuba kuchanekileyo amacandelo oomatshini okanye amacandelo amakhulu ezixhobo zefektri, iiseramics ze-silicon carbide zokusabela zinokuhlangabezana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno zoyilo, ukunciphisa amanyathelo alandelayo okuqhuba, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yezinto kunye nokunyuka kweendleko okubangelwa kukulungiswa.
3. Iqondo eliphezulu lokuxinana kwezinto: Ngokulawula iimeko zokusabela ngokufanelekileyo, i-reaction sintering inokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuxinana kwe-silicon carbide ceramics. Ulwakhiwo oluxineneyo lunika izinto eziphathekayo ngeempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini, njengamandla okugoba okuphezulu kunye namandla acinezelayo, okwenza ukuba kugcinwe ingqibelelo yesakhiwo phantsi kwamandla abalulekileyo angaphandle. Kwangaxeshanye, ulwakhiwo oluxineneyo lukwaphucula ukuxhathisa kokunxiba kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto, okusivumela ukuba sisebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezisebenza nzima kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo.
4. Uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali: I-rection sintered silicon carbide ceramics inokumelana okugqwesileyo kwi-acids ezomeleleyo kunye neentsimbi ezityhidiweyo. Kumashishini afana neekhemikhali kunye ne-metallurgical, izixhobo zihlala zifuna ukudibana nemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisayo. I-Reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramics inokumelana ngokufanelekileyo nokhukuliseko lwale midiya, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nokutshintshwa, kunye nokuphucula ukuqhubeka kwemveliso kunye nokuzinza.
Isebenza ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo
Ngolu ncedo, iiseramics ze-silicon carbide zokusabela zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Kwintsimi yezixhobo ze-kiln ephezulu, inokumelana neendawo zokushisa eziphezulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwee-kilns; Kwizinto zokutshintsha ubushushu, i-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola kwenza ukuba kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha izinto; Kwizixhobo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo ezifana nemibhobho ye-desulfurization, inokumelana nokukhukuliseka kweendaba ezitshabalalisayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide kwezixhobo. Ukongeza, i-react sintered silicon carbide ceramics ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kumasimi aphezulu anje ngephotovoltaics kunye ne-aerospace.
Iiseramics ze-silicon carbide ze-reaction sintered zithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kusapho lwe-silicon carbide ceramic ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo ezizodwa. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweenkqubo, kukholelwa ukuba i-react sintered silicon carbide ceramics iya kubonisa ukusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi, ibonelela ngenkxaso yemathiriyeli eyomeleleyo kuphuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-13-2025