Ukudityaniswa kwamalahle kwizibonelelo zokuvelisa amandla kuvelisa inkunkuma eqinileyo, enje esezantsi kwaye kubhabha i-ash, kunye nerhasi yeflethi ekhutshwa kwimozulu. Izityalo ezininzi ziyafuneka ukuba zisuse imveliso ye-sox kwi-fleue igesi esebenzisa irhasi yerhasi ye-flffiurcing (FGD). Iitekhnoloji ezintathu ze-FGD eziPhezulu ezisetyenziswa e-US zikrwebha ezimanzi (85% zokufakelwa), ukuqhekeka komile (i-12%), kunye nenaliti eyomileyo (3%). Izikrini ezimanzi zihlala zisusa ngaphezulu kwe-90% yesox, xa kuthelekiswa nezikrini ezomileyo, ezisusa i-80%. Eli nqaku libonisa ubuchwephesha be-Art-ye-Art-ye-Art ngokunyanga amanzi amdaka aveliswa ngumanziIinkqubo ze-FGD.
Iziseko ze-FGD ze-FGD
Itekhnoloji ye-FGD ye-FGD ifana necandelo le-charry ye-slocry kunye necandelo lokuhlamba umhlaba. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-absesvers zisetyenzisiwe, kubandakanya iinqaba ezipakishwe kunye netreyi, i-venturi scrubers, kunye nokutshiza iziqwengana kwicandelo lokuphendula. I-absisbers ichaze i-acidic ye-acidic nge-alkaline yokutyibilika i-lime, isodium hydroxide, okanye inkangelo. Ngezizathu ezininzi zoqoqosho, i-scrubers entsha ithanda ukusebenzisa i-limestone slide.
Xa i-Limestone iphinda iphendule nge-Sox kwiimeko zokunciphisa i-Aberber, i-2 (eyona nto iphambili kwi-Sox) iguqulwa yaba yi-Sulfite, kwaye isityebi se-calcium sulfite siveliswa. Iinkqubo zangaphambili ze-FGD (ekubhekiswe kuzo njengeyona ndlela ye-oxidation yendalo okanye iinkqubo ze-oxidition ezithintelweyo) zavelisa i-calcium sulfite ngemveliso. IntshaIinkqubo ze-FGDUkuqesha ukufunyanwa kwe-oxidation apho i-calcium slide iguqulwe kwi-calcium sulfate (Gypsum); Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Limestone yokuDibanisa i-Amestone yokuNgenxa (LSFO) ye-FGD.
Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ze-LSFD ze-LSFD zisebenzisa nayiphi na i-spran tower enesiseko se-oxidition edityanisiweyo kwisiseko (umzobo 1) okanye inkqubo ye-jet bubbler. Kwiglasi nganye irhasi ingena kwilitye lelitye lemozulu phantsi kweemeko ezingathambisi; Isilayidi emva koko sidlulela kwi-aerobic serector okanye indawo yokuphendula, apho i-sulfite iguqulwa ibe yi-sulfate, kunye ne-gypsum precipitites. Ixesha lokuvalelwa i-Hydraulic ixesha lokuphendula kwe-oxidation limalunga nemizuzu engama-20.
I-1. Ukutshiza ikholamu yeLimestone yeLimestone yeLimedotortone ye-oxidation (LSFO) i-FGD. Kwi-lsfo scrubber slibry parder idlulela kwi-reactor, apho yongezwa khona umoya ekunyanzelekeni kwe-oxidon ye-sulfite kwi-sulfate. Le axidetion ibonakala iguqukele idenite ukuba inyuse, imphumo kubunzima bonyango. Umthombo: I-ch2m hill hill
Ezi nkqubo zihlala zisebenza kunye nezinyibilikisi ezinqunyanyisiweyo ze-14% ukuya kwi-18%. Iinyibilikisi ezinqunyanyisiweyo ziquka iinyibiliki ze-gypsim ezilungileyo nezinempukane, zibhabha i-ash, kunye nezinto ezingaphakathi ezingeniswe ngelitye. Xa iinyibiliki zifikelela kumda ophezulu, u-slirry ucocwa. Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-LSFD ze-LSFD zisebenzisa umatshini wokuhlukana kunye nokuthoba kweenkqubo zokuphelisa i-gypsum kunye nezinye iinyibiliki ukusuka kumanzi acocekileyo (umzobo 2).
I-2. I-FGD ye-FGD ye-guypsum dewamaters. Kwi-Gypsim ye-Gypsim Dewaters yenkqubo yokucoca amasuntswana ahlelwe, okanye ahlukaniswe, abe ngamaqhezu amahle. Amasuntswana amahle ahlukaniswe ngokugqwithela kwi-hydroclone ukuvelisa i-hydroclone yokuvelisa i-verprolow enekristali enkulu ye-gypsim (yokuthengisa) enokuthi ifakwe kumxholo womswakama ophantsi ngenkqubo yokufuma. Umthombo: I-ch2m hill hill
Ezinye iinkqubo ze-FGD zisebenzisa amandla okuhlaselwa kwezinto okanye ukulungisa amachibi okudityaniswa kunye nokuthoba amanzi, kwaye ezinye zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokuhamba kwamanzi, kodwa uninzi lweenkqubo ezintsha zisebenzisa i-hydrocles kunye neebhanti eziphezulu. Abanye banokusebenzisa ezimbini ze-hydroclones kulonwabo lokukhulisa ukususwa kwe-solid kwinkqubo yokuphuma kwamanzi. Inxalenye ye-hydroclone yokuphuphuma inokubuyiselwa kwinkqubo ye-FGD ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi amdaka.
Ukucocwa kwakhe xa kukho ukwakha kwe-chlolorry eSolorry, kunyanzelekile ngemida ebekiweyo kukunganyangeki kwenkqubo yokwakha inkqubo ye-FGD.
Iimpawu zeNkunkuma yeFGD
Izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo zichaphazela ukwakhiwa kwamanzi enkunkuma ye-FGD, enjengamalahle kunye nokwenziwa kwamalahle, uhlobo lwesikrini, kunye nenkqubo yokuphuma kwe-gypsim-dewamaters. Amalahle anenxaxheba ye-acidic ye-acidic-ezinje nge-chloride, i-fluorides kunye ne-sulfate-kunye ne-Arsenic, i-Arneric, iBoron, i-zudmium, kunye ne-zinc. I-Limestone inegalelo i-iron kunye ne-aluminium (ukusuka kwiminemi ye-clay) kumanzi amdaka e-FGD. I-Limestone iqhele ukutyibilika kwi-Golt Gola yeBall, kunye nokhukuliseko kunye nokuvela kweebhola zifaka isandla kwi-Iron kwilitye lelitye lelitye lelitye lelitye elinelitye. I-clays ithande ukufaka igalelo izohlwayo ze-inter, eso sesinye sezizathu zokuba amanzi amdaka ahlanjululwe kwisikrabhisi.
Ukusuka: Thomas E. HIGGGIN, PhD, PE; A. Thomas Sandy, Pe; noSilas W. Abanikezeli, Pe.
Email: caroline@rbsic-sisic.com
IXESHA LOKUQALA: AUG-04-2018