Mumakore achangopfuura, silicon carbide compound semiconductors yakagamuchira kutariswa kwakapararira muindasitiri. Zvisinei, sechinhu chepamusoro-soro, silicon carbide inongova chikamu chiduku chezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi (diodes, magetsi emagetsi). Inogona zvakare kushandiswa seabrasives, kucheka zvinhu, zvimiro zvemukati, optical zvinhu, catalyst vatakuri, nezvimwe. Nhasi, isu tinonyanya kuunza silicon carbide ceramics, iyo ine zvakanakira kugadzikana kwemakemikari, kusimba kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kusagadzika kwekusagadzika, kusagadzikana kwecorrosion, kukwira kwekushisa kwekushisa, kuderera kwekuwedzera kwemafuta, kuderera, uye kusimba kwemagetsi. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakadai semakemikari muchina, simba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, semiconductors, metallurgy, kudzivirira kwenyika uye indasitiri yemauto.
Silicon carbide (SiC)ine silicon uye kabhoni, uye yakajairika yakawanda mhando yemaitiro emhando, kunyanya kusanganisira maviri ekristaro mafomu: α - SiC (yakakwira-tembiricha yakagadzikana mhando) uye β - SiC (yakaderera-tembiricha yakagadzikana mhando). Kune anopfuura mazana maviri emarudzi akawanda muhuwandu, pakati peiyo 3C SiC ye β - SiC uye 2H SiC, 4H SiC, 6H SiC, uye 15R SiC ye α - SiC inomiririra.
Mufananidzo SiC Multibody Structure
Kana tembiricha iri pasi pe1600 ℃, SiC iripo muchimiro che β - SiC uye inogona kugadzirwa kubva musanganiswa wakapfava wesilicon nekabhoni panosvika 1450 ℃. Kana tembiricha yadarika 1600 ℃, β - SiC inoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma kuita mapolymorphs akasiyana e-α - SiC. 4H SiC inogadzirwa nyore kutenderedza 2000 ℃; Ose ari maviri 6H uye 15R mapolymorphs anoda kupisa kwakanyanya pamusoro pe2100 ℃ kuti zvive nyore kuumbwa; 6H SiC inogona kuramba yakagadzikana kunyangwe tembiricha inodarika 2200 ℃, ichiita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri ekushandisa.
Yakachena silicon carbide ikristaro isina ruvara uye yakajeka, nepo indasitiri yesilicon carbide inogona kunge isina ruvara, yakachenuruka yero, yakasvibira yakasvibira, yakasviba girinhi, yebhuruu, rima bhuruu, kana kunyange dema, ine kuderera kwemazinga. Indasitiri yeabrasive inoisa silicon carbide mumhando mbiri zvichienderana neruvara: dema silicon carbide uye yegirini silicon carbide. Isina ruvara kune yakasviba girinhi silicon carbide inorondedzerwa seyakasvibira silicon carbide, nepo bhuruu yakatsvuka kusvika kune nhema silicon carbide inorondedzerwa seblack silicon carbide. Black silicon carbide uye girini silicon carbide ese ari alpha SiC hexagonal makristasi, uye yegirini silicon carbide micro poda inowanzoshandiswa seyakabikwa yesilicon carbide ceramics.
Kuita kweSilicon Carbide Ceramics Yakagadzirirwa neMaitiro Akasiyana
Nekudaro, silicon carbide ceramics ine dhizaini yekushomeka kwekutsemuka uye kusimba kwepamusoro. Naizvozvo, mumakore achangopfuura, maumbirwo emakeramiki akavakirwa pasilicon carbide ceramics, senge fiber (kana whisker) kusimbisa, heterogeneous particle dispersion kusimbisa, uye gradient functional materials, zvakabuda zvakatevedzana, zvichivandudza kuoma uye kusimba kwezvinhu zvega.
Seyakakwirira-inoshanda yakavakirwa ceramic yakakwira-tembiricha zvinhu, silicon carbide ceramics yave ichiwedzera kuiswa mu-high-tembiricha kilns, simbi simbi, petrochemicals, mechanical electronics, aerospace, simba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, simba renyukireya, motokari nezvimwe minda.
Muna 2022, saizi yemusika wesilicon carbide structural ceramics muChina inotarisirwa kusvika 18.2 bhiriyoni yuan. Nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kweminda yekunyorera uye kudzika kwekukura zvinodiwa, zvinofungidzirwa kuti saizi yemusika wesilicon carbide structural ceramics ichasvika 29.6 bhiriyoni yuan panosvika 2025.
Mune ramangwana, nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekupinda kwemotokari dzesimba idzva, simba, indasitiri, kutaurirana uye mamwe minda, pamwe nekuwedzera kuomarara zvinodiwa zveyakanyanya-chaiyo, yakakwirira kupfeka kuramba, uye kuvimbika kwepamusoro michina kana zvikamu zvemagetsi munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, saizi yemusika wesilicon carbide ceramic zvigadzirwa zvinotarisirwa kuramba zvichikura, pakati peiyo mota itsva dzesimba uye photovoltaics inzvimbo dzakakosha dzekusimudzira.
Silicon carbide ceramics inoshandiswa mumakirini eceramic nekuda kweakanakisa-yepamusoro-tembiricha michina zvimiro, kudzivirira moto, uye kupisa kwekushomeka kuramba. Pakati pavo, majoka emagetsi anonyanya kushandiswa kuomeswa, sintering, uye kupisa kurapwa kwe lithium-ion battery positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, uye electrolytes. Lithium bhatiri yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode zvinhu zvakakosha pamotokari nyowani dzesimba. Silicon carbide ceramic kiln fenicha chinhu chakakosha chembambo, chinogona kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwemoto uye kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba.
Silicon carbide ceramic zvigadzirwa zvakare zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari. Pamusoro pezvo, michina yeSiC inonyanya kushandiswa muPCUs (magetsi ekudzora mayunitsi, akadai sepa-bhodhi DC/DC) uye OBCs (mayuniti ekuchaja) emotokari nyowani dzesimba. SiC zvishandiso zvinogona kuderedza huremu uye vhoriyamu yePCU zvishandiso, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekuchinja, uye kugadzirisa tembiricha yekushanda uye kugona kwehurongwa hwemidziyo; Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuwedzera iyo unit simba level, kurerutsa chimiro chedunhu, kuvandudza simba density, uye kuwedzera kuchaja kumhanya panguva yeOBC kuchaja. Parizvino, makambani mazhinji emotokari kutenderera pasirese akashandisa silicon carbide mumhando dzakawanda, uye kutorwa kwakakura kwesilicon carbide kwave kuita.
Kana silicon carbide ceramics inoshandiswa sekiyi inotakura zvinhu mukugadzirwa kwemasero ephotovoltaic, zvigadzirwa zvinoguma zvakaita sezvitsigiro zvechikepe, mabhokisi ezvikepe, uye pombi fittings zvine kunaka kwekudziya kwekupisa, hazvikanganise kana zvichishandiswa pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye hazviburitse zvinosvibisa zvinokuvadza. Ivo vanogona kutsiva iyo inowanzo shandiswa quartz bhoti inotsigira, chikepe mabhokisi, uye pombi fittings, uye vane zvakakosha mutengo zvakanakira.
Pamusoro pezvo, tarisiro yemusika ye photovoltaic silicon carbide magetsi emidziyo yakakura. SiC zvinhu zvine yakaderera pakupokana, gedhi kubhadharisa, uye reverse kudzoreredza kuchaja maitiro. Kushandisa SiC Mosfet kana SiC Mosfet yakasanganiswa neSiC SBD photovoltaic inverters inogona kuwedzera shanduko kubva pa96% kusvika pamusoro pe99%, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba neanopfuura 50%, uye kuwedzera midziyo yekutenderera hupenyu ne50 times.
Iyo synthesis yesilicon carbide ceramics inogona kuteverwa kumashure kuma1890s, apo silicon carbide yainyanya kushandiswa kugadzira michina yekukuya uye refractory zvinhu. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekugadzira, zvigadzirwa zveSiC zvemhando yepamusoro zvakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, uye nyika dzepasirese dziri kubhadhara zvakanyanya kuindasitiri yezvigadzirwa zveceramics. Ivo havachagutsikana nekugadzirira kwechinyakare silicon carbide ceramics. Mabhizinesi anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro ari kusimukira nekukurumidza, kunyanya munyika dzakabudirira uko chiitiko ichi chakanyanya kukosha. Vagadziri vekunze vanonyanya kusanganisira Saint Gobain, 3M, CeramTec, IBIDEN, Schunk, Narita Group, Toto Corporation, CoorsTek, Kyocera, Aszac, Japan Jingke Ceramics Co., Ltd., Japan Special Ceramics Co., Ltd., IPS Ceramics, nezvimwe.
Kugadzirwa kwesilicon carbide kuChina kwakanonoka kana zvichienzaniswa nenyika dzakabudirira dzakaita seEurope neAmerica. Kubva vira rekutanga reindasitiri rekugadzira SiC rakavakwa paFirst Grinding Wheel Factory muna Chikumi 1951, China yakatanga kugadzira silicon carbide. Vagadziri vepamba vesilicon carbide ceramics vanonyanya kutariswa muWeifang Guta, Shandong Province. Sekureva kwenyanzvi, izvi zvinodaro nekuti mabhizinesi emuno emigodhi yemarasha akatarisana nekubhuroka uye kutsvaga shanduko. Mamwe makambani akaunza michina yakakodzera kubva kuGermany kuti atange kutsvaga uye kugadzira silicon carbide.ZPC ndeimwe yekugadzira kukuru kwekuita sintered silicon carbide.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-09-2024