Muhurukuro refu pakati pevanhu uye zvinhu zvekudzivirira,silicon carbide ceramicsiri kupindura kune chirevo chekusingaperi chekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa nezwi rakasiyana. Iyi inoratidzika seyakajairwa grey-black ceramic iri kuita shanduro yemazuva ano yenyaya ye "kuchinjika nekupfava kupesana nekuoma" muminda yekucheka-cheka senge indasitiri yemauto uye aerospace.
Iyo yekudzivirira kodhi yesilicon carbide ceramics iri munyika yayo ine microscopic. Kana yakwidziridzwa kusvika kune nanoscale, zvisingaverengeki zvakanaka tetrahedral zvimiro zvakaita seakanyatso kuunganidzwa Lego blocks, uye iyi yakasikwa-matatu-dimensional network inopa zvinhu nekuoma kunoshamisa uye kuomarara. Kana bara rarova pamusoro, chimiro ichi chinogona kuita se "molecular spring", kuisa uye kunyungudutsa simba rekuita, kudzivirira indentation uye deformation yezvombo zvesimbi zvechinyakare uye kukunda kusasimba kweakajairwa ceramics anowanzo kuputika.
Kuenzaniswa nemidziyo yechinyakare isingapindi bara, iyi mhando nyowani yekeramic inoratidza yakasarudzika "huviri hunhu". Kuoma kwayo kunogona kukwikwidzana nedhaimondi, asi uremu hwayo hunongova chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu chesimbi. Iyi "chiedza semunhenga" inogonesa midziyo yekudzivirira kuti iwane budiriro mukureruka. Chinotonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti mushure mekumira zvakanyanya, haisiye kushushikana kwemukati kunouraya sezvinoita simbi, uye iyi "kusaregerera" hunhu hunosimudzira zvakanyanya kuvimbika kwechinhu.
Murabhoritari, silicon carbide ceramic plate iri kuongororwa ballistic. Kana projectile ichisvika nekumhanya kwemamita 900 pasekondi, pfarivari dzinoputika kana dzasangana dzakaita semafirework anoratidzwa munyika ine microscopic. Panguva ino, iyo ceramic surface inotanga kuratidza "Tai Chi unyanzvi": kutanga, kuburikidza nekuoma kwakanyanya kwepamusoro, projectile inoputika; zvino, chimiro chezinga rehuchi chinoparadzira kudengenyeka kwemhepo kumativi ose; pakupedzisira, kuburikidza nepurasitiki deformation ye matrix zvinhu, iyo yakasara simba inotorwa zvachose. Iyi dhizaini-ne-layer nzira yekudzivirira inodudzira zvakajeka huchenjeri hwemazuva ano ekudzivirira tekinoroji.
Material masayendisiti achiri kuongorora zvimwe zvingangoitika: kuburikidza nebionics dhizaini kutevedzera yakaturikidzana chimiro chematehwe, kunyudza hungwaru hwekunzwa mafiibhi muceramic matrix, uye kuyedza kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nekuzvigadzirisa. Aya magadzirirwo haangofambisi kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekudzivirira asiwo anotsanangura zvakare chirevo chemazuva ano che "chengetedzo".
Kubva panhumbi dzokurwa nadzo dzebhuronzi dzevarwi vekare kusvika pamidziyo yemazuva ano nano ceramic, kutsvaka kwevanhu kudzivirira kuchengeteka hakuna kumbochinja. Nyaya yekugadzirwa kwesilicon carbide ceramics inotiudza: Kudzivirirwa kwakasimba kazhinji kunobva pamitemo yakasarudzika yechisikigo, uye mabhindauko esainzi yemidziyo inotonyanya kutamba inoyevedza ine mitemo yepanyama.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-16-2025