Hydrocyclone

Ibisobanuro

Hydrocycloneni cono-silindrike mumiterere, hamwe na roho zijimye muburyo bwa silindrike no hanze kuri buri axis. Itorekanya ku gice cya silindrike cyitwa vorsex casser kandi ikaguka mu muyaga kugirango igabanye imizigo ngufi kuva kuri karile. Ku iherezo ryumutwe nicyo kintu cya kabiri, spigot. Kugereranya ubunini, ibirango byombi birakinguye ikirere. Hydrocyclones muri rusange ikoreshwa ihagaritse hamwe na spigot kumpera yo hepfo, niyo mpamvu ibicuruzwa biteye isoni byitwa Underphlow nibicuruzwa byiza, gusiga Vortex. Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo cyerekana umutware kandi gishushanya ibishushanyo bisanzweHydrocyclone: Imwuzu zombi, kugaburira inlet hamwe nijwi rya axial. Usibye akarere ka hafi ka taracting inlet, icyerekezo cyamazi muri cyclone gifite simaletry. Niba umwe cyangwa byombi bifunguye ikirere, akarere gake gabanya igitutu gitera gaze imbere ya axis yihishe, imbere yijwi ryimbere.

Ihame rishinzwe riroroshye: Amazi, atwara ibice byahagaritswe, yinjira mu nkoni mbi, ikaze hepfo kandi itanga umurima wa Centre mukigo cyubusa. Ibice binini binyura mumazi kugera hanze yinkubi y'umuyaga mukibaho kigenda gikangura, hanyuma usohoke muri spigot hamwe nigice cyamazi. Kubera agace kagabanijwe ka spigot, vortex yimbere, kuzunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe, gishyirwaho hejuru kandi gisiga akanwa mu muyaga uhuha, utwara ibice byinshi by'amazi kandi byiza hamwe nabyo. Niba ubushobozi bwa spigot burenze, ikibuga cyikirere kirafunzwe kandi gusohora spigot gihinduka mumashanyarazi akaba na 'umugozi' no guta agaciro kwuzuye.

Diameter yigice cya silindrike nicyo gihinduka nyamukuru kireba ingano yinkunga ishobora gutandukana, nubwo imiyoboro isohoka yigenga kugirango ihindure gutandukana. Mugihe abakozi ba mbere bagerageje hamwe na syclones nka 5 mm Diametlone Diameter ubungubu kuva mm 10 kugeza kuri m. Gukora igitutu cyamanutse kuva mumirongo 10 kuri diameter nto kugeza 0.5 mu kabari kangana. Kongera ubushobozi, gitoHydrocycloneirashobora kwimurwa kumurongo umwe.

Nubwo ihame ryo gukora riroroshye, ibintu byinshi mubikorwa byabo biracyasobanuka neza, kandi hydrocclone Guhitamo Hydrocclone no guhanura no guhanura ibikorwa byinganda ni byiza cyane.

Gutondekanya

Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FrSC, FCIM, P.eng.

9.4.3 Hydroyclones n'imiterere ya ecran

Hydrocyclones yaje gutegeka gushyira mu byiciro mugihe yo gukemura ibibazo byiza mumirongo ifunze (<200 μm). Ariko, iterambere rya vuba murwego rwa ecran (Igice cya 8) cyavuguruye mukoresha amashusho mu gusya imirongo yo gusya. Mugaragaza dutandukana hashingiwe ku bunini kandi ntiziyoborwa mu buryo butaziguye n'ubucucike bukwirakwira mu mabuye y'agaciro. Ibi birashobora kuba inyungu. Mugaragaza kandi ntabwo afite agace ka Bypass, kandi nkurugero 9.2 yerekanye, kurenga birashobora kuba binini (hejuru ya 30% muricyo gihe). Igicapo 9.8Byiza urugero rwitandukaniro mugutandukanya na Cyclonesand. Amakuru avuye muri El Carntal Crocnter muri Peru afite isuzuma mbere na nyuma ya Hydrocyclones yasimbuwe na Derrick Stack Sizer® (reba Igice cya 8) mukarere ka Groundi (2014). Bihuye nibiteganijwe, ugereranije na cyclone ecran yari ifite gutandukana gukabije (ahahanamye umurongo ni hejuru) na bypass nto. Kwiyongera k'ubushobozi bwumuzunguruko byatangajwe kubera ibiciro byo hejuru nyuma yo gushyira mubikorwa ecran. Ibi byatewe no kurandura urubyaro, bigabanya ingano yibikoresho byiza byoherejwe kuri msyisiti ikunda urusaku.

Guhindura ntabwo ari inzira imwe, ariko: Urugero ruheruka ni uguhindura kuri ecran kuri Cyclone, kugirango wungukire ingano yinyongera yo kugabanya umushahara wa Denser (Sasseville, 2015).

Inzira ya metallurgical nigishushanyo

Eoin H. MacDonald, mu gitabo cy'ubushakashatsi bwa zahabu no gusuzuma, 2007

Hydrocyclone

Hydrocyclones ikunzwe ibice byo gukora cyangwa kwigarurira byinshi binini bya sluryina bihendutse kandi kuberako bafite umwanya muto muto cyangwa icyumba cyimbere. Bakoresha neza mugihe bagaburiwe gusa nigituba gike kandi gikoreshwa kugiti cyabo cyangwa kikoreshwa kugiti cyabo cyangwa mumatsinda kugirango abone ubushobozi bwifuzwa. Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha abishingikirije ku ngabo za centrifugal byakozwe na selectike nini ya tangiicont binyuze muri igice. Vortex yibanze yakozwe nibikorwa byinjira bigenda munsi yurukuta rwa cone rwimbere. Igicucu ni ugusunika hanze nimbaraga za centrifugal kugirango igikona gihinduke hasi ubucucike bwiyongera. Ibigize uhagaritse bigize inyuma yumuvuduko hafi yinkingi za cone no hejuru hafi ya axis. Igice gito cya Centse cyatandukanijwe na Slime cyahatiwe hejuru unyuze mu murongo wa Vortex kugirango unyuze mu gufungura hejuru yimpera ya cone. Agace kamagana cyangwa ibahasha hagati yibintu byombi bifite umuvuduko wa zeru kandi utandukanya ibisebe bya coarser bikomeza kumanuka bivuye kumanuka kumutwe. Igice kinini cyurugendo gishira hejuru mumato magufi yimbere hamwe ningabo zisumbuye zitera igice kinini cyane bityo utange neza gutandukana neza muri Sizing nziza. Ibi bice bigaruka kumurongo wo hanze hanyuma utange raporo kubiryo bya Jig.

Ibisabwa na geometrie nibikorwa byo gutemba imiziHydrocyclonebasobanurwa ku gishushanyo cya 8.13. Impinduka zikora ni ubucucike, kugaburira igipimo cyurugendo, ibiranga soli, kugaburira umuvuduko hamwe nigitutu cyihuta ukoresheje inkubi y'umuyaga. Impinduka zamanitu ni agace kaburinganiye, Vortex gore diameter nuburebure, hamwe na spigot ya diameter. Agaciro ko gukurura no gukurura nabyo bigira ingaruka kumiterere; Ibinini byinshi biratandukanye biturutse kuri bike nimpamvu yayo yerekana kandi ikinini cyo kwikuramo. Agace kanini kanini karashobora kwaguka ku bice bimwe na bimwe bya zahabu binini nka mm 200 mubunini no gukurikirana neza neza inzira yo gutondekanya rero ni ngombwa kugirango ugabanye ibintu bikabije hamwe na sluss. Amateka, mugihe hatanzwe ibitekerezo bike ku kugarura 150μm Ikinyampeke cya Zahabu, gutwara zahabu hejuru ya fration isa nkaho byashinzwe ahanini nibihombo bya zahabu byanditswe muri 40-60% mubikorwa byinshi bya zahabu.

Igishushanyo 8.14 (Imbonerahamwe ya Warman) ni uguhitamo mbere ya Cyclones kugirango utandukane kuri mito itandukanye ya D50 muri mikorobe 9-18. Iyi mbonerahamwe, kimwe nibindi bintu nkibi byimikorere ya Cyclone, ishingiye ku buryo bugenzurwa neza bwubwoko runaka. Ifata ibikubiye mubintu bya 2,700 kg / m3 mumazi nkuyobora bwa mbere guhitamo. Imirongo minini ya diameter ikoreshwa mugutandukanya no gusaba byinshi kugaburira imikorere mibi. Gutandukana neza kumimero Ryiza isaba ihuriro ryibiceri bito bya diameter ikora muburyo bubangikanya. Igishushanyo cyanyuma cyo murinzi cya hafi kigomba kugenwa mubushakashatsi bugezweho, kandi ni ngombwa guhitamo inkubi y'umuyaga ku buryo hashobora gufatwa gato kugira ngo hashobore gutangira ibikorwa.

CBC (uburiri bwateganijwe) Inkubi y'umuyaga yavuzwe ko yashyize ahagaragara ibikoresho bya zahabu bya zahabu bigera kuri 5 mm hanyuma ubone ibiryo byo hejuru bya jig bihamye bituruka ku butegetsi. Gutandukana bibaho hafiD50/15 Microns ishingiye kuri Silica yubucuzi 2.65. CBC Cyclone iyobowe niyemerera cyane cyane gutandukana kwa jig kubera umurongo wacyo wo gukwirakwiza hamwe no gukuraho burundu imyanda. Ariko, nubwo iyi sisitemu isabwa kubyara amashuri yibanze yibanze ku mabuye y'agaciro aremereye muri pass imwe yo kugaburira. Imbonerahamwe 8.5Gima Amakuru ya Tekinike yo AkwHydrocycloneku manota yaciwe hagati ya mito 30 na 100.

Imbonerahamwe 8.5. Amakuru ya tekiniki kuri Hydrocyclone

Ubwoko (KRS)	Diameter (mm)	Igitutu	Ubushobozi		Gukata ingingo (microns)
Ubwoko (KRS)	Diameter (mm)	Igitutu	Slurry (m3 / hr)	Igicucu (t / h max).	Gukata ingingo (microns)
2118	100	1-2.5	9.27	5	30-50
2515	125	1-2.5	11-30	6	25-45
4118	200	0.7-2.0	18-60	15	40-60
(RWN) 6118	300	0.5-1.5	40-140	40	50-100

ITERAMBERE RY'IND ROR RERA na Technologies zitondekanya

A. Jankovic, mu ibyuma, 2015

8.3.3.1 Hydrocyclone Gutandukana

Hydrocyclone, nayo yitwaga inkubi y'umuyaga, nigikoresho gitondekanya gikoresha imbaraga za centrifugal kugirango wihutishe igipimo cya slurryParticles hamwe nibice bitandukanye ukurikije ingano, imiterere, hamwe nuburemere bwihariye. Bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda mbuye z'amabuye y'agaciro, hamwe n'imikoreshereze yacyo mu mabuye y'agaciro yo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro ari nk'insima, byagaragaye ko neza cyane. Bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gusya bifunze ariko byasanze ibindi bikoresho byinshi bikoreshwa, nko kwiyiba, kwanga, no kubyimba.

Hydrocyclone isanzwe (Ishusho 8.12A) igizwe n'ubwato bwemewe, fungura kuri apex, cyangwa munsi yacyo, yifatanije n'igice cya silindrike, gifite imirongo ihindagurika. Hejuru yicyiciro cya silindrike gifunze nisahani inyuramo umuyoboro washizwemo. Umuyoboro wongerewe mu mubiri wa Cyclone n'igice gito, kivanwaho kizwi ku izina rya Vortex Ibiryo bitangizwa mu gahato binyuze mubyinjira bya tang bifatika, bitanga icyerekezo cyo kuzunguruka kuri pulp. Ibi bitanga agahije vlortex muri thiclone, hamwe nigituba gito-cyigitutu kuri axis yahagaritse, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8.12b. Air-Core ikura kumurongo, mubisanzwe ihujwe nikirere binyuze mu gufungura apex, ariko igice cyaremwe numwuka washonze uva mu gisubizo mu turere tw'umuvuduko ukabije. Imbaraga za Centrifugal zihutisha igipimo cyibice, bityo utandukane ibice ukurikije ingano, imiterere, hamwe nuburemere bwihariye. Gukemura byihuse kwimukira kurukuta rwinkubi y'umuyaga, aho umuvuduko wo hasi, kandi wimukira ku izona rya Apex (munsi). Bitewe nigikorwa cyingufu zikurura, ibice bike byihuta bigana kuri zone yigitutu cyo hasi kuruhande rwa axis hanyuma utwarwe hejuru unyuze mumurongo wa vorsex urenga.

Hydrocyclone hafi ya yose ikoreshwa mu gusiba imizunguruko kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo hejuru no gukora neza. Barashobora kandi gushyira hejuru cyane yubunini (mubisanzwe 5-500 μm), imitwe mito ya diameter ikoreshwa mugutondera neza. Ariko, porogaramu ya gyclone muri magnetite yo guskutsi irashobora gutera imikorere idakora kubera itandukaniro ryubucucike hagati ya rukuruzi no guta amabuye y'agaciro (Silica). Magnetite ifite ubuke bwihariye bwa 5.15, mugihe silica ifite ubucucike bwihariye bwa 2.7. InHydrocycloneAmabuye y'agaciro atandukanye atandukanye n'ubunini bwaciwe kuruta amabuye y'agaciro. Kubwibyo, gukuruzi byibohowe byibanda mu mwobo ukabije, hamwe no kubura cyane magnet. Napier-Munn et al. (2005) Yavuze ko isano iri hagati yubunini bwakosowe (d50c) kandi ubucucike bukurikira imvugo yuburyo bukurikira bitewe nibibazo bituruka nibindi bintu:

D50cαρ-ρl-n

ahoρs ni ubucucike bwa mwese,ρni ubucucike bwe, kandinni hagati ya 0.5 na 1.0. Ibi bivuze ko ingaruka zincumico yimiterere yimikorere ya selclone zirashobora kuba ingirakamaro rwose. Kurugero, nibad50c ya magnetite ni 25 μm, hanyumad50c ya silica ibice bizaba 40-65 μm. Igicapo 8.13 cyerekana imikorere ya Cyclone Imirongo ya Magnetite (Fe3o4) na Silica (Sio2) yakuwe mubushakashatsi bwumupira winganda wasya. Ingano itandukanya silica ni coarser nyinshi, hamwe nad50c kuri Fe3o4 ya 29 onm, mugihe ibyo kuri Sio2 ari 68 μm. Kubera iyi ngingo, urusyo rusya urusyo rufunze mu muzunguruko ufunze hamwe na hydrocyclone ntirukora neza kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo hasi ugereranije na metelore.

Ikoranabuhanga riharanira inyungu nyinshi: Ibyingenzi na Porogaramu

MJ Cocero Phd, muri Chemingsring Chemmings Libt, 2001

Ibikoresho byo gutandukana

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Hydrocyclone

Ubu ni bumwe mu bwoko bworoshye bwabatandukanije. Nigikoresho cyo gutandukana cyane kandi gishobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho neza ibikuza ku bushyuhe no gukanda imikazo. Nugukungurwa kuko nta bice byimuka kandi bisaba kubungabunga bike.

Gutandukana no gukora neza nigikorwa gikomeye cyurugero-ingano nubushyuhe. Imikorere yo gutandukana hafi 80% iragerwaho kuri silica nubushyuhe hejuru ya 300 ° C, mugihe ubushyuhe bumwe, hagomba kuba murwego rwo gutandukana kwa Denser (29].

Ubumuga bwibanze bwibikorwa bya hydrocyclone ni impengamiro yumunyu runaka kugirango yubahirize inkuta zamaboko.

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Kwambukiranya micro-filtration

Kwambukiranya ibiyungurutsa bitwara muburyo busa nkubusanzwe bwubahirizwa mu bihe bibi: byiyongereyeho imisozi hamwe na virusi yagabanijwe. Cross-microfiltration yakoreshejwe mugutandukanya iminyururu ishingiye ku mbogamizi nka sostide, gutanga imikorere yo gutandukanya amakuru mubisanzwe. Goemanset al.[30]] Kwize Sodium nitrate gutandukana namazi arenga. Mubihe byubushakashatsi, nitrate ya sodium yari ahari nkumunyu washongeshejwe kandi yashoboye kwambuka akayunguruzo. Imikorere yo gutandukanya itandukanijwe yatandukanye n'ubushyuhe, kubera ko abashaka kugabanuka nkubushyuhe bwiyongera, kuva hagati ya 40% na 85%, kuri 400 ° C, kimwe. Aba bakozi basobanuye uburyo bwo gutandukanya itandukaniro nkibikorwa bitandukanye byerekana uburyo bwo kuyungurura kurenganurwa, bitandukanye numunyu washongeshejwe, ukurikije urubingo rwinshi. Kubwibyo, birashoboka ko atari umunyu wimyuga gusa nkumunyu wa sorse gusa ahubwo no kuyungurura iyo mpongo zishonga ziri muri leta yashongeshejwe.

Ibibazo by'imikorere byari bikwiye ahanini kuyungurura - ruswa n'ubwinyunyuroma.

Impapuro: Gutunganya no gutunganya ibikoresho

Bwana Doshi, JM Dyer, muri Module mu bikoresho Scient Scione n'ibikoresho Ubwubatsi, 2016

3.3 Gusukura

Isuku cyangwaHydrocycloneKuraho ibyanduye kuva kuri pulp ukurikije itandukaniro ryubucucike hagati yanduye n'amazi. Ibi bikoresho bigizwe nibikoresho byumuvuduko cyangwa ibibyimba byigituba muri pompe bigaburirwa tangent to diameter nini (Ishusho 6). Mugihe cyo kunyuramo unyuze kuri Shop itezimbere ishusho ya vortex, bisa nibirimo. Imiyoboro izunguruka hafi ya axis yo hagati uko inyura kuri inleti no kugana kuri apex, cyangwa ifunguye, imbere yimbere yurukuta rwisuku. Umuvuduko utegura utemba wihutisha nkuko diameter ya cone igabanuka. Hafi ya Apex irangiza ikiganiro gito cya diaxter kibuza gusohora ibyinshi bigenda bihinduka mukito rwimbere ku giti cye. Urujya n'uruza rw'imbere mu gufungura Apex kugeza imaze gusohora binyuze mu mubare wa Vortex, uherereye kuri diameter nini irangira hagati ya Cleaner. Ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, tumaze kwibanda ku rukuta rw'isuku kubera ingabo z'ingabo za centrifugal, zisohozwa ku isone ya cone (umunezero, 1994, 1997).

Abasuku bashyizwe mu rwego rwo hejuru, ubucucike, cyangwa ubucucike buke bitewe n'ubucucike n'ubunini bw'abanduye. Isuku yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe na diameter iri kuva kuri cm 15 kugeza kuri 50 (6-20 muri) ikoreshwa mu gukuraho icyuma, amashusho, hamwe na staples kandi ubusanzwe ihagaze ahita akurikira umupira. Nkuko diameter ya diaxener igabanuka, imikorere yayo mugukuraho abanduye mato biriyongera. Kubwimpamvu zifatika kandi byubukungu, 75-mm (3 muri) diameter muri rusange ni ntoya ntoya ikoreshwa munganda.

Isuku yinshi kandi ishingiye ku isuku yagenewe gukuraho ubwinshi bw'igisibo nk'igishashara, imbaraga nyinshi, n'ibiti. Ibishishwa byiswe byititiwe kuko umugezi wa Emera ukusama kuri Apex yisuku mugihe yaguye gusohoka hejuru yumuriro. Mudusukuye binyuze mu isuku, yemera kandi yanze gusohoka ku mpera imwe y'isuku, iyemera hafi y'urukuta rwo mu isuku yatandukanijwe n'ubwitonzi bw'iryoshye, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 7.

Centrifuge ikomeje yakoreshejwe mu myaka ya za 1920 na 1930 kugira ngo ikureho umucanga wo muri Forp yahagaritswe nyuma yo guteza imbere hydrocyclone. Graveclean, yateye imbere muri tekinike ya TREEP, Grenoble, Ubufaransa, igizwe na silinderi izunguruka kuri 1200-1500 RPM (BLissien Mutagatifu AMANDA, 1998, 2002). Ihuriro ryigihe kirekire cyo gutura hamwe nimbaraga ndende zo guturamo zemerera ubucucike bwinshi bwanduye igihe gihagije cyo kwimuka kuri core yisuku aho banze binyuze muri Centre ya Vortex.

MT Thew, muri encyclopedia yo gutandukana kwa siyanse, 2000

Synopsis

Nubwo amazi akomeyeHydrocycloneHashyizweho mu kinyejana cya 20, imikorere ishimishije-itangwa n'amazi itageze kugeza mu myaka ya za 1980. Inganda za peteroli ya offshore zagize uruhare runini, zikomeye kandi zizewe zo gukuraho amavuta yanduye mumazi. Ibi bikenewe byanyuzwe nubwoko butandukanye bwa hydrocyclone, birumvikana ko nta bice byimuka.

Nyuma yo gusobanura ibi bikenewe byuzuye kandi ugereranya no gutandukana-gucikamo kclonike mumabuye y'agaciro, ibyiza hydroclone byahawe ubwoko bwibikoresho byashyizweho mbere kugirango wuzuze inshingano zitangwa.

Ibipimo byo Gutandukanya Gutandukana byashyizwe ku rutonde mbere yo kuganira ku mikorere mu bijyanye n'Itegeko Nshinga kugaburira, kugenzura ibikorwa bisabwa, ni ukuvuga ibicuruzwa biterera igitutu no gutemba.

Ibidukikije byo gukora peteroli bishyiraho imbogamizi kubikoresho kandi ibi birimo ikibazo cyisuri. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byakoreshejwe byavuzwe. Ugereranije amakuru yimodoka yubwoko bwibimera byo gutandukana na peteroli, umurwa mukuru no kwisubizwa, biragaragara, nubwo amasoko ari make. Hanyuma, ibisobanuro bimwe mubyinshi byasobanuwe, nkuko inganda za peteroli zireba ibikoresho zashyizwe ku buriri bwo mu nyanja cyangwa no munsi ya Wellbore.

Gutoranya, kugenzura, kuringaniza rusange

Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FrSC, FCIM, P.eng.

3.7.1 Koresha ingano

Ibice byinshi, nkaHydrocyclonena rukuruzi rukuruzi, bitanga urwego rwo gutandukanya ingano hamwe namakuru yubunini burashobora gukoreshwa muguyanganiza imbaga (urugero 3.15).

Urugero 3.15 ni urugero rwo kugabanya ubusumbane bwo kumbasha izina; Itanga, kurugero, agaciro kambere kubipimo rusange byibuze kare. Ubu buryo bushushanyije burashobora gukoreshwa igihe cyose habaye "ibirenze"; Urugero 3.9 Byashoboraga gukoreshwa.

Urugero 3.15 bakoresha inkubi y'umuyaga nka node. NODE ya kabiri ni igitekerezo: Uru nurugero rwinyongera 2 (ibiryo bishya numupira balilscharge) hamwe nibisohoka (imitekerereze imwe). Ibi bitanga indi mpirimbanyi rusange (urugero 3.16).

Mu gice cya 9 Tugarutse kuri uyu muzunguruko urugero rukoresheje amakuru yahinduwe kugirango tumenye umurongo wa kclone.

Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-07-2019