SiC - Silicon Carbide

Silicon carbide idapezeka mu 1893 ngati chowotcha m'mafakitale pogaya mawilo ndi mabuleki agalimoto. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1900, kugwiritsa ntchito kanyumba ka SiC kunakula mpaka kuphatikizira muukadaulo wa LED. Kuyambira pamenepo, yakula kukhala mapulogalamu ambiri a semiconductor chifukwa chaubwino wake wakuthupi. Zinthu izi zimawoneka pamagwiritsidwe ake osiyanasiyana mkati ndi kunja kwa makampani a semiconductor. Ndi Lamulo la Moore likuwoneka kuti likufika polekezera, makampani ambiri omwe ali mgulu la semiconductor akuyang'ana silicon carbide ngati zida zamtsogolo zamtsogolo. SiC ikhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma polytypes angapo a SiC, ngakhale mkati mwa makampani opanga ma semiconductor, magawo ambiri ndi 4H-SiC, ndi 6H- kukhala ochepa kwambiri pamene msika wa SiC wakula. Ponena za 4H- ndi 6H-silicon carbide, H imayimira mawonekedwe a crystal lattice. Nambalayi imayimira kutsatizana kwa ma atomu mkati mwa mawonekedwe a kristalo, izi zikufotokozedwa mu tchati cha kuthekera kwa SVM pansipa. Ubwino wa Silicon Carbide Hardness Pali zabwino zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito silicon carbide kuposa magawo azikhalidwe a silicon. Ubwino umodzi waukulu wa nkhaniyi ndi kuuma kwake. Izi zimapatsa zinthuzo zabwino zambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri komanso / kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma voliyumu apamwamba. Zophika za silicon carbide zimakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kusamutsa kutentha kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita ku chitsime china. Izi zimathandizira makonzedwe ake amagetsi ndipo pamapeto pake miniaturization, imodzi mwazolinga zodziwika bwino zosinthira ku zowotcha za SiC. Kutentha kwamphamvu Magawo a SiC amakhalanso ndi coefficient yotsika pakukulitsa kutentha. Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha ndi kuchuluka ndi momwe chinthu chimakulirira kapena kupanga mgwirizano pamene chikuwotcha kapena kuzizira. Kufotokozera kofala kwambiri ndi ayezi, ngakhale kuti kumachita mosiyana ndi zitsulo zambiri, kukulirakulira pamene kumazizira ndi kuchepa pamene akuwotcha. Silicon carbide yocheperako pakukulitsa kutentha kumatanthauza kuti sisintha kwambiri kukula kwake kapena mawonekedwe ake chifukwa imatenthedwa kapena kuziziritsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kuyika zida zazing'ono ndikulongedza ma transistors ambiri pa chip chimodzi. Ubwino wina waukulu wa magawowa ndi kukana kwawo kutenthedwa kwa kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kusintha kutentha mofulumira popanda kusweka kapena kusweka. Izi zimapanga ubwino womveka popanga zipangizo monga momwe zimakhalira zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti silicon carbide ikhale ndi moyo wonse poyerekeza ndi silicon yambiri yachikhalidwe. Pamwamba pa mphamvu yake yotentha, ndi gawo lapansi lolimba kwambiri ndipo silimakhudzidwa ndi zidulo, alkalis kapena mchere wosungunuka pa kutentha mpaka 800 ° C. Izi zimapatsa magawowa kusinthasintha pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikuthandiziranso kuthekera kwawo kotulutsa silicon yochulukirapo m'mapulogalamu ambiri. Mphamvu yake pa kutentha kwambiri imalolanso kuti igwire bwino ntchito pa kutentha kwa 1600 ° C. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala gawo lapansi loyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kulikonse.