Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, silicon carbide compound semiconductors tau txais kev saib xyuas thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab, silicon carbide tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (diodes, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob). Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov abrasives, txiav cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, cov cab kuj catalyst, thiab lwm yam. Niaj hnub no, peb feem ntau qhia txog silicon carbide ceramics, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj, kub tsis kam, hnav tsis kam, corrosion kuj, siab thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, tsawg ntom, thiab siab mechanical zog. Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li tshuaj siv tshuab, lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, semiconductors, metallurgy, kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab kev lag luam tub rog.
Silicon carbide (SiC)muaj silicon thiab carbon, thiab yog ib tug raug ntau hom structural compound, feem ntau suav nrog ob daim ntawv siv lead ua: α – SiC (high-temperature stability type) thiab β – SiC (low-temperature stability type). Muaj ntau tshaj 200 ntau hom nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov uas 3C SiC ntawm β – SiC thiab 2H SiC, 4H SiC, 6H SiC, thiab 15R SiC ntawm α – SiC yog tus sawv cev.
Daim duab SiC Multibody Structure
Thaum qhov kub thiab txias qis dua 1600 ℃, SiC muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm β – SiC thiab tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw yooj yim ntawm silicon thiab carbon nyob ib ncig ntawm 1450 ℃. Thaum qhov kub siab tshaj 1600 ℃, β - SiC maj mam hloov mus rau ntau yam polymorphs ntawm α - SiC. 4H SiC yog yooj yim generated ntawm ib ncig ntawm 2000 ℃; Ob leeg 6H thiab 15R polymorphs yuav tsum tau kub siab tshaj 2100 ℃ kom yooj yim tsim; 6H SiC tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov txawm tias qhov kub siab tshaj 2200 ℃, ua rau nws siv dav hauv kev lag luam.
Ntshiab silicon carbide yog cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab, thaum muaj silicon carbide tuaj yeem ua xim tsis muaj xim, daj daj, lub teeb ntsuab, tsaus ntsuab, lub teeb xiav, xiav tsaus, lossis dub, nrog rau cov qib pob tshab. Kev lag luam abrasive categorizes silicon carbide ua ob hom raws li xim: dub silicon carbide thiab ntsuab silicon carbide. Cov xim tsis muaj xim rau ntsuab ntsuab silicon carbide yog cais raws li ntsuab silicon carbide, thaum lub teeb xiav rau dub silicon carbide yog cais raws li dub silicon carbide. Dub silicon carbide thiab ntsuab silicon carbide yog ob qho tib si alpha SiC hexagonal crystals, thiab ntsuab silicon carbide micro hmoov feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau silicon carbide ceramics.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm Silicon Carbide Ceramics npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv
Txawm li cas los xij, silicon carbide ceramics muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob txha tsis tshua muaj zog thiab siab brittleness. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li silicon carbide ceramics, xws li fiber ntau (los yog whisker) reinforcement, heterogeneous particle dispersion ntxiv dag zog rau, thiab gradient cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, tau tshwm sim ua ntu zus, txhim kho qhov toughness thiab lub zog ntawm tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv.
Raws li kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub kub, silicon carbide ceramics tau nce ntxiv hauv cov kub kub, steel metallurgy, petrochemicals, mechanical electronics, aerospace, zog thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nuclear zog, tsheb thiab lwm yam.
Xyoo 2022, kev lag luam loj ntawm silicon carbide cov qauv ceramics hauv Suav teb xav tias yuav ncav cuag 18.2 billion yuan. Nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntxiv ntawm daim ntawv thov kev lag luam thiab kev xav tau kev loj hlob hauv qab, nws tau kwv yees tias kev lag luam loj ntawm silicon carbide structural ceramics yuav ncav cuag 29.6 billion yuan los ntawm 2025.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev nkag mus rau lub zog tshiab tsheb, lub zog, kev lag luam, kev sib txuas lus thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, nrog rau cov kev cai nruj zuj zus ntxiv rau cov khoom siv high-precision, siab hnav tsis kam, thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv ntau qhov chaw, kev lag luam loj ntawm silicon carbide ceramic khoom yuav tsum txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, ntawm cov tsheb tshiab zog thiab photovoltaics yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.
Silicon carbide ceramics yog siv nyob rau hauv ceramic kilns vim lawv zoo heev kub-kub txhua yam khoom, hluav taws kub, thiab thermal shock kuj. Ntawm lawv, cov menyuam kilns tsuas yog siv rau ziab, sintering, thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb zoo electrode cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom tsis zoo electrode, thiab electrolytes. Lithium roj teeb cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab tsis zoo electrode yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub zog tshiab tsheb. Silicon carbide ceramic kiln rooj tog yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kilns, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob.
Silicon carbide ceramic khoom kuj tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom siv tsheb. Tsis tas li ntawd, SiC cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau yog siv hauv PCUs (cov tswj fais fab, xws li on-board DC / DC) thiab OBCs (them nqi) ntawm lub zog tshiab. SiC cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav thiab ntim ntawm cov khoom siv PCU, txo qis kev hloov pauv, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm kub thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv; Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog ntawm chav tsev, ua kom yooj yim ntawm cov qauv hauv Circuit Court, txhim kho lub zog ceev, thiab nce kev them nqi ceev thaum OBC them. Tam sim no, ntau lub tuam txhab tsheb thoob ntiaj teb tau siv silicon carbide hauv ntau cov qauv, thiab kev siv loj ntawm silicon carbide tau dhau los ua qauv.
Thaum silicon carbide ceramics yog siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cell photovoltaic, cov khoom tsim xws li kev txhawb nqa nkoj, lub thawv nkoj, thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings muaj thermal stability zoo, tsis txhob deform thaum siv kub, thiab tsis tsim cov pa phem. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov cov khoom siv quartz nkoj uas nquag siv, lub thawv nkoj, thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings, thiab muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev lag luam kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic silicon carbide yog dav. SiC cov ntaub ntawv muaj qis dua ntawm kev tiv thaiv, lub rooj vag them nqi, thiab rov qab them tus nqi rov qab. Siv SiC Mosfet lossis SiC Mosfet ua ke nrog SiC SBD photovoltaic inverters tuaj yeem nce kev hloov pauv ntawm 96% mus rau ntau dua 99%, txo qis zog los ntawm ntau dua 50%, thiab nce cov khoom siv lub neej los ntawm 50 npaug.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm silicon carbide ceramics tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab mus rau xyoo 1890, thaum silicon carbide feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom sib tsoo thiab cov khoom siv refractory. Nrog rau kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm, cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis SiC tau tsim dav dav, thiab cov teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev lag luam ntawm cov ceramics siab heev. Lawv tsis txaus siab rau kev npaj cov tsoos silicon carbide ceramics. Cov lag luam uas tsim cov khoom siv high-tech ceramics tau txhim kho sai dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim uas qhov tshwm sim no tseem ceeb dua. Cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws feem ntau suav nrog Saint Gobain, 3M, CeramTec, IBIDEN, Schunk, Narita Group, Toto Corporation, CoorsTek, Kyocera, Aszac, Nyiv Jingke Ceramics Co., Ltd., Nyiv Tshwj Xeeb Ceramics Co., Ltd., IPS Ceramics, thiab lwm yam.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm silicon carbide nyob rau hauv Suav teb kuj lig piv rau cov teb chaws tsim xws li Europe thiab America. Txij li thaum thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau kev tsim khoom SiC tau tsim nyob rau ntawm Thawj Sib Tsoo Log Hoobkas thaum Lub Rau Hli 1951, Tuam Tshoj pib tsim cov silicon carbide. Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv Weifang City, Shandong Province. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov no yog vim cov chaw lag luam thee mining hauv zos tab tom ntsib kev lag luam poob nyiaj thiab nrhiav kev hloov pauv. Qee lub tuam txhab tau qhia txog cov khoom siv los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees los pib tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov silicon carbide.ZPC yog ib lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sintered silicon carbide.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-09-2024