Hauv kev sib tham ntev ntawm tib neeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv,silicon carbide ceramicsyog teb rau cov lus pom nyob mus ib txhis ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb nrog lub suab tshwj xeeb. Qhov no zoo nkaus li zoo li grey-dub ceramic yog ua ib tug niaj hnub version ntawm zaj dab neeg ntawm "flexing nrog softness tiv thaiv hardness" nyob rau hauv tej-edge teb xws li tub rog kev lag luam thiab aerospace.
Cov cai tiv thaiv ntawm silicon carbide ceramics nyob hauv nws lub ntiaj teb microscopic. Thaum nthuav dav rau nanoscale, suav tsis txheeb cov qauv zoo tetrahedral zoo li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Lego, thiab qhov kev sib txuas ntawm peb sab ntuj tsim cov khoom siv nrog qhov txawv txav thiab toughness. Thaum cov mos txwv cuam tshuam rau saum npoo, cov qauv no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li "lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav molecular", txheej txheej thiab rhuav tshem lub zog cuam tshuam, tsis txhob cuam tshuam thiab deformation ntawm cov tsoos hlau armors thiab kov yeej qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ceramics uas nquag tawg.
Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv phom phom ib txwm muaj, hom tshiab ntawm cov ceramic no nthuav tawm qhov tshwj xeeb "dual cwm pwm". Nws hardness tuaj yeem sib tw ntawm pob zeb diamond, tab sis nws qhov hnyav tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm cov hlau. Qhov "lub teeb zoo li plaub" no ua rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kom ua tiav qhov kev sib tw hauv kev sib sib zog nqus. Txawm tias qhov xav tsis thoob yog tias tom qab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam hnyav, nws tsis tawm hauv kev ntxhov siab hauv kev tuag zoo li cov hlau ua, thiab qhov "tsis zam txim" tus yam ntxwv zoo heev txhim kho kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom.
Hauv chav kuaj, lub phaj silicon carbide ceramic tab tom kuaj ballistic. Thaum lub projectile mus txog ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 900 meters ib ob, lub sparks uas tawg thaum sib cuag zoo li ib tug foob pob hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub microscopic ntiaj teb no. Lub sijhawm no, cov nplais ceramic pib nthuav tawm nws cov "Tai Chi txuj ci": ua ntej, los ntawm qhov nyuaj siab heev, qhov projectile yog blunted; tom qab ntawd, cov qauv honeycomb kis tau qhov kev poob siab nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev qhia; Thaum kawg, los ntawm cov yas deformation ntawm cov khoom siv matrix, lub zog seem yog absorbed tag. Qhov txheej txheem tiv thaiv txheej txheej no vividly txhais cov kev txawj ntse ntawm kev tiv thaiv niaj hnub siv tshuab.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav ntau qhov muaj peev xwm: los ntawm kev tsim bionics los xyaum cov txheej txheem ntawm cov plhaub, embedding ntse sensing fibers hauv ceramic matrix, thiab txawm sim ua kom cov khoom muaj peev xwm kho tus kheej. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog tsav kev nce qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv thev naus laus zis tab sis kuj rov txhais cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub ntawm "kev nyab xeeb".
Los ntawm cov tub rog qub 'bronze armors mus rau niaj hnub nano ceramics, tib neeg txoj kev nrhiav kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb tseem tsis tau hloov pauv. Zaj dab neeg ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm silicon carbide ceramics qhia peb: Kev tiv thaiv muaj zog tshaj plaws feem ntau yog los ntawm cov kev cai zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntuj, thiab kev tawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev seev cev zoo nkauj nrog cov cai ntawm lub cev.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-16-2025