Thaum nws los txog rau "ceramics", ntau tus neeg thawj zaug xav txog cov tais diav hauv tsev, cov vases zoo nkauj - tsis yooj yim thiab muag heev, zoo li tsis cuam tshuam rau "kev lag luam" lossis "hardcore". Tab sis muaj ib hom ceramic uas rhuav tshem qhov kev xav hauv lub hauv paus. Nws hardness yog thib ob tsuas yog pob zeb diamond, thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab tseem raug insulated thiab conductive, dhau los ua "ntau yam" hauv kev lag luam. Nws yogsilicon carbide ceramic.
Los ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hauv mines mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub tsheb tshiab, los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub hauv aerospace mus rau txhua hnub cov khoom siv, silicon carbide ceramics ntsiag to txhawb kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm ntau qhov kev lag luam nrog lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Niaj hnub no, cia peb tham txog dab tsi ua rau qhov "extraordinary" ceramic sawv tawm.
1, Nyuaj rau qhov siab: "cov neeg nqa khoom" hauv kev hnav tsis kam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub zoo ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog nws ultra-siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam. Nws Mohs hardness yog qhov thib ob tsuas yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv pob zeb diamond, nyuaj dua li cov hlau zoo tib yam, stainless hlau, thiab txawm tias alumina ceramics.
Qhov no 'hardcore' cwj pwm ua rau nws ci nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv hnav thiab tsim kua muag. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov mining thiab metallurgical industries, cov khoom siv rau kev thauj cov slurry thiab slag slurry (xws li impellers ntawm slurry twj thiab pipeline liners) feem ntau yog ntxuav tawm los ntawm cov ntxhia ntxhia nyuaj rau lub sij hawm ntev, thiab cov hlau zoo tib yam yuav sai sai eroded thiab xau dej. Cov Cheebtsam ua los ntawm silicon carbide ceramics tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov "sab" no yooj yim thiab muaj kev pabcuam lub neej ob peb zaug lossis ntau tshaj kaum npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, txo qhov zaus thiab nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hloov.
Tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam chaw, peb kuj tuaj yeem pom nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub - xws li silicon carbide kev sib txhuam khub hauv cov tshuab foob. Nrog nws zoo heev hnav tsis kam, nws ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov cuab yeej tsis xau thiab tsis muaj kev poob qis thaum lub sijhawm kev sib hloov ceev, tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov cuab yeej xws li cov twj tso kua dej thiab compressors.
2, Superior "Resistance": rwb thaiv tsev rau kub kub thiab corrosion
Ntxiv rau qhov hardness, silicon carbide ceramics kuj muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj, uas tso cai rau lawv "lo rau lawv cov posts" hauv ntau "qhov hnyav hnyav".
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kub tsis kam, txawm tias tom qab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm 1350 ℃, yuav tsis muaj softening lossis deformation. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog "tus hlub" hauv kev lag luam aerospace thiab tub rog, xws li siv los ua lub nozzle rau lub foob pob hluav taws cav, hauv ob sab phlu rau cov cua kub kub, thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus hluav taws kub kub los yog cov hlau molten kom ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv high-temperature ntau lawm txheej txheem xws li industrial kilns thiab metallurgical nruam casting, silicon carbide ceramic Cheebtsam kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov cov hlau uas yooj yim puas los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm corrosion kuj, silicon carbide ceramics muaj tsis tshua muaj zog tshuaj stability. Txawm hais tias nws yog acid, alkali, los yog ntau yam corrosive gases thiab kua, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau "erode" nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, nws yog feem ntau siv los ua lub hauv ob sab phlu ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha, pipelines thiab li qub rau thauj corrosive media; Hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv los kho cov kua qaub-puag cov dej khib nyiab, kom ntseeg tau tias cov cuab yeej tsis corroded thiab ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
3, Ntau yam "muaj peev xwm": "Tus Tswv Ua Haujlwm" uas tuaj yeem ua tau nruj thiab hloov tau
Yog tias koj xav tias silicon carbide ceramics tsuas yog "nyuaj" thiab "durable", ces koj yuav kwv yees lawv ntau dhau. Raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam haujlwm xws li conductivity, rwb thaiv tsev, thiab thermal conductivity, ua rau nws cov khoom siv nrog ntau yam kev siv.
-Conductivity thiab semiconductor zog: Los ntawm doping nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus, silicon carbide ceramics tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm insulators mus rau conductors, thiab txawm dhau los ua cov khoom siv semiconductor. Qhov no tso cai rau nws los nthuav qhia nws cov kev txawj ntse hauv kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, xws li ua lub zog hluav taws xob rau lub zog tshiab thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev. Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv silicon ib txwm muaj, silicon carbide semiconductors muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab kev siv hluav taws xob qis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tshiab tsheb tau them sai dua thiab muaj ntau qhov ntev, thiab tseem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua.
-Cov thermal conductivity zoo heev: Cov thermal conductivity ntawm silicon carbide ceramics deb tshaj li ntawm cov ceramics zoo tib yam, thiab txawm mus txog ntawm qee yam hlau. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws kub dissipation substrate ntawm LED teeb thiab hluav taws xob chips, nws tuaj yeem ua kom sov sai sai, tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev puas tsuaj vim overheating, thiab txhim kho kev pab cuam lub neej thiab kev ruaj ntseg.
4 、 Thaum kawg: Silicon carbide ceramics, 'tsis pom kev tsav tsheb' ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam
Los ntawm "nyuaj thiab hnav-resistant" mus rau "kub-kub corrosion tsis kam", thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau "multifunctionality", silicon carbide ceramics tau tawg tib neeg kev nkag siab ntawm cov tsoos ceramics nrog cov khoom zoo heev, dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb txhawb kev tsim cov khoom siv high-end, lub zog tshiab, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nws tsis yog ntau npaum li hlau lossis hnyav li yas, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev lag luam scenarios uas yuav tsum tau "tshaj kev nyuaj", nws ib txwm cia siab rau nws "tag nrho cov" yam ntxwv los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua, tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog maj mam txo qis, thiab cov ntawv thov scenarios kuj tseem nthuav dav. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ob qho tib si siv zog tshiab cov cuab yeej siv zog thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm ruaj khov tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog dua vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm silicon carbide ceramics. Hom "omnipotent khoom" zais hauv kev lag luam no ntsiag to hloov peb cov khoom thiab lub neej.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-20-2025