A cikin sararin fannin kimiyyar kayan, silicon carbide ceramics sun zama "masoyi" na manyan fasahohin fasaha da yawa saboda kyawawan kaddarorin su kamar ƙarfin ƙarfi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ingantaccen yanayin zafi, da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai. Daga sararin samaniya zuwa masana'antar semiconductor, daga sabbin motocin makamashi zuwa injinan masana'antu, yumbu na silicon carbide yana taka rawa mai mahimmanci. A cikin tsarin shirye-shiryen siliki carbide yumbura, hanyar sintering shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci wanda ke ƙayyade kaddarorin sa da kewayon aikace-aikacen. A yau, za mu shiga cikin tsarin sintering na silicon carbide kuma mu mai da hankali kan bincika fa'idodi na musamman na amsa sintered.silicon carbide ceramics.
Hanyoyi na yau da kullun don siliki carbide
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na sintering don silicon carbide, kowanne yana da nasa ƙa'idodi da halaye na musamman.
1. Hot pressing sintering: Wannan hanyar sintering ya ƙunshi sanya silicon carbide foda a cikin wani mold, da ake ji wani matsa lamba yayin dumama up, don kammala gyare-gyare da sintering matakai lokaci guda. Matsi mai zafi na iya samun yumbu na siliki carbide mai yawa a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da girman hatsi mai kyau da kyawawan kaddarorin inji. Duk da haka, kayan aiki mai zafi mai zafi yana da wuyar gaske, farashin ƙirar yana da girma, bukatun tsarin samarwa yana da tsauri, kuma kawai sassa masu siffa mai sauƙi za a iya shirya, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin samar da kayan aiki, wanda har zuwa wani lokaci ya iyakance aikace-aikacensa mai girma.
2. Atmospheric matsa lamba sintering: Atmospheric matsa lamba sintering ne tsari na densification sintering na silicon carbide ta dumama shi zuwa 2000-2150 ℃ karkashin yanayi matsa lamba da inert yanayi yanayi, ta ƙara dace sintering aids. An kasu kashi biyu matakai: m-state sintering da ruwa-lokaci sintering. M lokaci sintering iya cimma babban yawa na silicon carbide, ba tare da wani gilashi lokaci tsakanin lu'ulu'u, da kuma m high-zazzabi inji Properties; Rushewar lokaci mai ruwa yana da fa'idodin ƙananan zafin jiki, ƙaramin ƙwayar hatsi, da ingantattun ƙarfin lanƙwasa abu da taurin karye. Matsakaicin matsa lamba na yanayi ba shi da hani akan sifar samfur da girmansa, ƙarancin samarwa, da ingantaccen kaddarorin kayan aiki, amma yanayin zafin jiki yana da girma kuma yawan kuzari yana da girma.
3. Reaction sintering: Reaction sintered silicon carbide aka fara samar da P. Popper a cikin 1950s. Tsarin ya ƙunshi haɗa tushen carbon da silicon carbide foda, da kuma shirya koren jiki ta hanyoyi kamar gyare-gyaren allura, busassun latsawa, ko matsin isostatic mai sanyi. Sa'an nan kuma, billet ɗin yana zafi sama da 1500 ℃ a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau ko rashin aiki, a lokacin da siliki mai ƙarfi ya narke zuwa silicon ruwa, wanda ke kutsawa cikin billet ɗin da ke ɗauke da pores ta hanyar aikin capillary. Silikon ruwa ko tururin siliki yana jure yanayin sinadarai tare da C a cikin koren jiki, kuma a cikin wurin da aka samar da β - SiC yana haɗuwa tare da ainihin abubuwan SiC a cikin jikin kore don samar da kayan yumbu sintered silicon carbide.
Fa'idodin Reaction Sintering Silicon Carbide Ceramics
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin sintering, amsa sintered silicon carbide yumbura yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:
1. Ƙananan zafin jiki da kuma farashin da za a iya sarrafawa: Yanayin zafin jiki yakan kasance ƙasa fiye da yanayin zafin jiki na yanayi, yana rage yawan amfani da makamashi da yawan zafin jiki da ake bukata don kayan aiki na sintering. Ƙananan zafin jiki yana nufin ƙananan farashin kulawa don kayan aiki da rage yawan amfani da makamashi yayin aikin samarwa, yadda ya kamata rage farashin samarwa. Wannan ya sa ƙwaƙƙwaran siliki na siliki carbide tukwane suna da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi a cikin manyan samarwa.
2. Near net size forming, dace da hadaddun Tsarin: A lokacin da dauki sintering tsari, da wuya abu sha girma shrinkage. Wannan halayyar ta sa ta dace musamman don shirya manyan sassa, hadaddun sifofi na tsarin. Ko dai ingantattun kayan aikin injiniya ne ko manyan kayan aikin masana'antu, kayan aikin siliki na siliki na siliki na iya cika buƙatun ƙira daidai, rage matakan sarrafawa na gaba, haɓaka haɓakar samarwa, da kuma rage asarar kayan aiki da haɓakar farashi ta hanyar sarrafawa.
3. Babban digiri na densification na kayan abu: Ta hanyar sarrafa yanayin halayen da kyau, amsawar amsawa zai iya cimma babban mataki na densification na silicon carbide tukwane. Tsarin tsari mai yawa yana ba da kayan aiki tare da kyawawan kaddarorin inji, kamar babban ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsawa, yana ba shi damar kiyaye amincin tsarin ƙarƙashin manyan sojojin waje. A lokaci guda kuma, ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin yana haɓaka juriya da juriya na kayan, yana ba shi damar yin aiki da ƙarfi a cikin matsanancin yanayin aiki da tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
4. Kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali sunadarai: Reaction sintered silicon carbide yumbu suna da kyakkyawan juriya ga acid mai ƙarfi da narkakken karafa. A cikin masana'antu kamar sinadarai da ƙarfe, kayan aiki galibi suna buƙatar haɗuwa da kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata daban-daban. Reaction sintered silicon carbide tukwane iya yadda ya kamata tsayayya da yashwar wadannan kafofin watsa labarai, tabbatar da al'ada aiki na kayan aiki, rage kiyayewa da maye halin kaka, da kuma inganta samar da ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali.
Yadu aiki a fagage daban-daban
Tare da waɗannan fa'idodin, an yi amfani da yumbu na siliki na siliki na siliki a ko'ina a fagage da yawa. A cikin yanayin kayan aiki mai zafi mai zafi, zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi mai zafi da kuma tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na kilns; A cikin masu musayar zafi, kyakkyawan ingancin yanayin zafi da juriya na lalata sun sa su zama zaɓin kayan abu mai kyau; A cikin kayan aikin kare muhalli irin su desulfurization nozzles, zai iya tsayayya da lalatawar kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata da kuma tabbatar da aikin kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci na kayan aiki. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙƙwarar siliki na siliki carbide yumbura shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin manyan filayen kamar su photovoltaics da sararin samaniya.
Abubuwan yumbu na siliki na siliki na siliki sun mamaye wani muhimmin matsayi a cikin dangin siliki na siliki saboda fa'idodin su na musamman. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba na fasaha da ci gaba da inganta matakai, an yi imanin cewa amsawar siliki na siliki carbide ceramics za su nuna kyakkyawan aikin su a wasu fannoni, suna ba da tallafin kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don haɓaka masana'antu daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-13-2025